Identification of Geomagnetic Disturbances in Near-Earth Space from Satellite Observations during the Magnetic Storm on March 8–9, 1970

• Published in: Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Vol. 64; no. 4; pp. 546 - 557
• Main Authors: Soloviev, A. A., Belov, I. O., Vorobev, A. V., Sergeev, V. N.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moscow Pleiades Publishing 01-08-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Auroral oval; Data centers; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Geomagnetic disturbances; Geomagnetic storms; Geomagnetism; Geophysics/Geodesy; Ground-based observation; Jupiter; Magnetic fields; Magnetic storms; Magnetic variations; Position measurement; Rainfall intensity; Ring currents; Satellite data; Satellite observation; Satellites; Soviet satellites; Storms; Time measurement; satellite observations; auroral oval modelling; external magnetic field; historical data; disturbance morphology
• ISSN: 0016-7932; 1555-645X; 0016-7940
• DOI: 10.1134/S001679322460036X

In this study, we consider historical geomagnetic satellite data obtained during a strong magnetic storm on March 8−9, 1970. In addition to the data of the Soviet satellite Kosmos-321, data from the American satellite OGO-6, which performed geomagnetic measurements at the same time, were used. We analyzed time variations of external magnetic fields recorded in satellite and ground-based observations of the magnetic field. The research also gave impetus to the creation of the improved software implementation of the auroral oval model APM, which enables reconstruction of its position and precipitation intensity in both the past and near real time. The magnetic variations originating in the near-Earth space from various sources were identified. In particular, we revealed the signatures of the storm-time ring current and equatorial and auroral electrojects. The paper highlights the enduring value of historical data of magnetic field observations stored in data centers and continuously digitized by their staff.