Ischaemic stroke and oral inflammatory diseases

• Published in: Annaly kliničeskoj i èksperimentalʹnoj nevrologii (Online) Vol. 15; no. 3; pp. 26 - 34
• Main Authors: Maksimova, Marina Yu, Ryazantsev, Nikita A., Anisimova, Evgenia N., Anisimova, Natalia Yu, Piradov, Мikhail A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Research Center of Neurology 04-10-2021
• Subjects: dental care; ischaemic stroke; oral inflammatory diseases
• ISSN: 2075-5473; 2409-2533
• DOI: 10.54101/ACEN.2021.3.3

The aim of this study was to establish clinical significance of oral inflammatory diseases in ischaemic stroke (IS), how aware doctors and nurses are of this problem, and the safety and possibility of performing dental hygiene in patients with acute IS.
Materials and methods. We examined 100 patients who had suffered an ischaemic stroke in the internal carotid artery territory within 6 to 48 hours. The efficacy of dental hygiene and the risk of developing chronic oral sepsis were evaluated using the Patient Hygiene Performance Index (PHP) and Chronic Oral Sepsis Risk index (COSR). Quality of life was assessed using the short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The sociological study included 100 patients with ischaemic stroke, 38 nurses, and 18 neurologists.
Results. The severity of IS at study inclusion was 8 (3; 15) points on the NIHSS, while the Barthel Index score was 70 (45; 90) points. The modified Rankin Scale score was 13 points. The PHP index was 2.28 0.05 and the COSR index was 20.13 0.50. The OHIP-14 results (a total score of 28.1 6.8 points) also indicated unsatisfactory quality of dental health. The results of sociological studies revealed low level of awareness regarding dental care during acute IS among doctors. After professional oral care, treatment of oral inflammatory diseases, and removal of significantly damaged teeth, patients with IS had a decrease in the PHP index to 1.17 0.05 and the COSR index to 7.36 0.50, which corresponds to a satisfactory level of dental hygiene by the end of the acute stroke period. The impact of dental health on quality of life parameters as measured by the OHIP-14 scale (22.4 7.2 points) was satisfactory.
Conclusion. The most important aspect of early dental care in patients with IS is increasing the quality of oral health.