Cytogenetic Characteristics of Diploid Lines of Mesenchymal Multipotent Stromal Cells

• Published in: Cell and tissue biology Vol. 15; no. 6; pp. 604 - 615
• Main Authors: Nikitina, V. A., Astrelina, T. A., Kobzeva, I. V., Nugis, V. Yu, Lomonosova, E. E., Semina, V. V., Brunchukov, V. A., Usupzhanova, D. Yu, Brumberg, V. A., Rastorgueva, A. A., Karaseva, T. V., Samoylov, A. S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moscow Pleiades Publishing 01-11-2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Bone marrow; Cell Biology; Cell lines; Chromosome aberrations; Chromosome translocations; Chromosomes; Cytogenetics; Diploids; Karyotypes; Life Sciences; Mesenchyme; Metaphase; Mucosa; Stromal cells; Therapeutic applications; chromosomal aberrations; mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells; karyotype; multicolor fluorescent hybridization; cloning
• ISSN: 1990-519X; 1990-5203
• DOI: 10.1134/S1990519X21060146

A cytogenetic study of cell lines of mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells (MMSCs) isolated from human bone marrow, adipose tissue, placenta, and gingival mucosa was carried out. Karyological analysis using two chromosome-staining methods (GTG and mFISH) showed a normal diploid karyotype of most MMSC lines up to the fifth passage of cultivation. Clonal chromosomal translocations were detected in 3 of the 22 investigated MMSCs, which is 14%. Analysis of 22 MMSC lines revealed a rather low frequency of cells with chromosomal aberrations (CAs) (within 5%). Among cells with chromosomal damage (3–5%) identified by mFISH analysis of 1440 metaphase plates, unstable chromosomal aberrations (fragments, dicentric chromosomes) account for about 65% of all damage, and stable (translocations) account for 35%. These results confirm the importance of cytogenetic studies of MMSC cell lines intended for medical purposes. Gathering data on chromosomal and karyotypic variability at different periods of cultivation will make it possible to determine the acceptable limits for the selection of genetically stable diploid MMSC cell lines in order to prevent undesirable consequences of their use for therapeutic purposes.