Effects of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Left Ventricular Function and Coronary Flow in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

• Published in: Pediatric Research Vol. 70; no. Suppl 5; p. 227
• Main Authors: Aburawi, E H, Liuba, P, Odermarsky, M, Sjöblad, S, Pesonen, E
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: New York Nature Publishing Group US 2011
• Subjects: 631/443/1338/2729; 692/699/2743/137/1418; 692/700/1720; 692/700/565/2072; Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems; Clinical Medicine; Kardiologi; Klinisk medicin; Medical and Health Sciences; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Pediatric Surgery; Pediatrics; poster-presentations-circulation-heart-blood-pressure
• ISSN: 0031-3998; 1530-0447; 1530-0447
• DOI: 10.1038/pr.2011.452

Purposes:
Dietary supplementation with N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFAs) could have beneficial effects on cardiovascular system in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1).
Methods:
In a double-blind placebo controlled crossover study, 33 children with DM1 duration of more than one year were randomly and equally assigned to either n-3 PUFAs (2 gm/day, Nycoplus® Omega-3, 1000 mg) or placebo treatment for 8 weeks. Following a 4-week period recovery, the groups were crossovered with above treatments for another 8 weeks. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) study was done on pre and post treatment visits, and after one month's treatment free recovery for left ventricular function and flow in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD).
Results:
Of recruited children 28 (85%) completed the study. n-3 PUFAs treatment was associated with increase in mean cardiac index (CI; from 2.7±0.4 to 3.7±0.8 l/min/m2, p< 0.0001) and left ventricular fractional shortening (FS; from 31±2.5 to 39±3%, p< 0.0001). The treatment decreased both LAD peak flow velocity (PFVd) from 96±17 to 68±12 cm/s, p< 0.0001 and LAD CF from 105±31 to 66±15 ml/min, p< 0.0001). One month after stopping the treatment CI decreased from 3.7±0.8 to 2.6±0.5 l/min/m2, p< 0.0001 and mean FS from 39±3 to 32±2, p< 0.0001. Mean PFVd increased from 68±12 to 90±12 cm/s, p< 0.0001 and CF from 66±15 to 108±30 ml/min, p< 0.0001.
Conclusions:
In patients with DM1 n-3 PUFA therapy increased cardiac index and LV systolic function. The basal coronary flow decrease improving the circumstances for better coronary flow reserve.