THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN REVITALIZATION OF ISLAMIC SCHOOL IN TURKEY

• Published in: Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 181 - 210
• Main Author: Raharjo, Raharjo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Walisongo State Islamic University 15-06-2014
• Subjects: İmam Hatip school; quality control of education; role of government
• ISSN: 0852-7172; 2461-064X
• DOI: 10.21580/ws.2014.22.1.264

Selama berabad-abad Islam telah menjadi agama negara di Turki. Tetapi itu berubah saat Turki mendeklarasikan diri sebagai negara Republik pada tahun 1923. Turki menjadi negara sekuler dan membuat Islam tertekan. Namun saat sistem politik Pemerintah Turki mengadopsi multipartai dan partai itu kemudian didukung oleh masyarakat Muslim dan memimpin pemerintahan, perlahan keberadaan Islam kembali tampak. Kondisi ini memengaruhi keberadaan pendidikan dan sekolah-sekolah Islam, yang pada dua dekade terakhir jumlahnya meningkat tajam. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data tentang kontrol kualitas pendidikan, bentuk-bentuk pendidikan Islam dan peran pemerintah terhadap pendidikan Islam. Melalui teknik dokumentasi, observasi dan interview, peneliti­an ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) kontrol kualitas pendidikan di Turki dilakukan di bawah kementerian pendidikan nasional; 2) bentuk sekolah dibagi menjadi negeri dan swasta, dan 3) peran pemerintah terhadap sekolah-sekolah Islam tidak dilakukan secara langsung, namun melalui kebijakan Kementerian Pen­didikan Nasional yang diberlakukan secara umum kepada sekolah negeri.
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Islam had been the religion of the state in Turkey for many centuries, but it was disappeared when the type of the state was changed into republic in 1923. Turkey then has become a secular state and Islam has been depressed. However, when the political system in Turkey adopted multiparty and the party supported by Muslim community run the ruling government, Islam gradually has existed. This affected the Islamic education and schools, which have been sharply increased in number during the last 2 decades. This research was conducted to identify the quality control of education, the types of Islamic education and the role of government towards Islamic schools. By using techniques of documentation, observation and interview, this research indicated that: 1) the quality control of education in Turkey is done under ministry of national education; 2) the types of Islamic education are divided into public and private and  3) the role of government towards Islamic schools is not implemented straight forward, but through the policy in the Ministry of National Education addressed towards the public schools.