Efficacy and Safety of Remdesivir in People With Impaired Kidney Function Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized Clinical Trial

• Published in: Clinical infectious diseases Vol. 79; no. 5; pp. 1172 - 1181
• Main Authors: Sise, Meghan E, Santos, Jose Ramon, Goldman, Jason D, Tuttle, Katherine R, Teixeira, J Pedro, Seibert, Allan F, Koullias, Yiannis, Llewellyn, Joe, Regan, Sean, Zhao, Yang, Huang, Hailin, Hyland, Robert H, Osinusi, Anu, Winter, Helen, Humeniuk, Rita, Hulter, Henry N, Gottlieb, Robert L, Fusco, Dahlene N, Birne, Rita, Stancampiano, Fernando F, Libertin, Claudia R, Small, Catherine B, Plate, Markus, McPhail, Mark J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Oxford University Press 22-11-2024
• Subjects: Major
• ISSN: 1058-4838; 1537-6591; 1537-6591
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae333

Few antiviral therapies have been studied in patients with COVID-19 and kidney impairment. Herein, efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of remdesivir, its metabolites, and sulfobutylether-beta-cyclodextrin excipient were evaluated in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and severe kidney impairment.
In REDPINE, a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, participants aged ≥12 years hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia with acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), or kidney failure were randomized 2:1 to receive intravenous remdesivir (200 mg on Day 1; 100 mg daily up to Day 5) or placebo (enrollment: March 2021-March 2022). The primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of all-cause mortality or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) through Day 29. Safety was evaluated through Day 60.
Although enrollment concluded early, 243 participants were enrolled and treated (remdesivir, n = 163; placebo, n = 80). At baseline, 90 (37.0%) participants had AKI (remdesivir, 60; placebo, 30), 64 (26.3%) had CKD (remdesivir, 44; placebo, 20), and 89 (36.6%) had kidney failure (remdesivir, 59; placebo, 30); 31 (12.8%) were COVID-19 vaccinated. Composite all-cause mortality or IMV through Day 29 was 29.4% and 32.5% in the remdesivir and placebo group, respectively (P = 0.61). Treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 80.4% versus 77.5% and serious adverse events in 50.3% versus 50.0% of participants who received remdesivir versus placebo, respectively. Pharmacokinetic plasma exposure to remdesivir was not affected by kidney function.
Although underpowered, no significant difference in efficacy was observed between treatment groups. REDPINE demonstrated that remdesivir is safe in those with COVID-19 and severe kidney impairment. (EudraCT number: 2020-005416-22; Clinical Trials.gov number: NCT04745351).
EudraCT number: 2020-005416-22; Clinical Trials.gov number: NCT04745351.