Investigations of two oral rehydration solutions in treatment of piglets with acute gastroenteritis

• Published in: Veterinarski glasnik Vol. 58; no. 1-2; pp. 105 - 112
• Main Authors: Vukavic, Tamara, Dosen, Radoslav, Licina, Jasna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Belgrade 2004
• Subjects: acute gastroenteritis; diarrhea; Suckling piglets
• ISSN: 0350-2457; 2406-0771
• DOI: 10.2298/VETGL0402105V

The basic disorder in acute gastroenteritis is the disrupted transport of water and electrolytes, to a different degree. The objective of these investigations was to evaluate the efficacy of two oral rehydration solutions (ORS) in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis in suckling piglets. Fifty piglets, 20 with acute gastroenteritis and 30 healthy controls aged 10 days were chosen at random upon the incidence of diarrhea, for one of two ORS treatments (ORS-1 and ORS-2). The piglets with diarrhea were administered a probiotic per os on the first day and an antibiotic parenterally, until the diarrhea disappeared. All the piglets were followed clinically from days 1-6 of the investigations. Faeces samples were taken for bacteriological culture on the first day. Clinical signs of hydration were better, as well as the difference in body mass of piglets with diarrhea under the ORS-2 treatment which was significantly higher (p=0.036) in comparison with the difference in piglets under the ORS-1 treatment. All piglets with diarrhea had normally formed faeces on the sixth day. Escherichia coli was isolated from faeces of 48 piglets. Piglets with acute gastroenteritis, treated with ORS with a higher osmolarity and which contained instead of citrate, bicarbonates in higher concentrations, with less potassium, more sodium and more chlorine had a better state of hydration, with a significantly bigger difference in body mass, and the results of their control group were not significantly different against those of piglets treated with ORS of a different composition.
Osnovni poremecaj kod akutnog gastroenteritisa jeste poremec aj transportovanja vode i elektrolita, razlicitog stepena. Cilj ispitivanja bio je da se oceni efikasnost dve oralne rehidracione solucije (ORS) u tretmanu akutnog gastroenteritisa kod prasadi na sisi. Pedeset prasadi, 20 sa akutnim gastroenteritisom i 30 zdravih kontrola u uzrastu od deset dana, odabrano je metodom slucajnog izbora pri pojavi proliva, za jedan od dva ORS tretmana (ORS-1 i ORS- 2). Prasad koja imaju proliv dobila su probiotik per os prvoga dana i antibiotik parenteralno, do prestanka proliva. Sva prasad su klinicki pracena od 1. do 6. dana ispitivanja. Uzorci fecesa za bakteriolosku kulturu uzorkovani su prvog dana. Klinicki znaci hidracije bili su bolji, kao i razlika u telesnoj masi prasadi koja su imala proliv pod ORS-2 tretmanom koja je bila signifikantno veca (p=0,036) u poredjenju sa razlikom kod prasadi pod ORS- 1 tremanom. Sva prasad koja su imala proliv, sestog dana su imala normalno formiran feces. E. coli je izolovana iz fecesa 48 prasadi. Prasad sa akutnim gastroenteritisom tretirana ORS, koja ima visi osmolaritet i sadrzi umesto citrata, bikarbonate u vecoj koncentraciji, uz manje kalijuma, vise natrijuma i vise hlora, imala su bolje stanje hidracije, uz signifikantno vecu razliku u telesnoj masi, a njihova kontrolna grupa nesignifikantno, u odnosu na prasad tretiranu oralnom rehidracionom solucijom drugacijeg sastava.