The influence of compression level and inoculation on biochemical changes in lucerne silages

• Published in: Journal of agricultural sciences (Belgrade, Serbia) Vol. 56; no. 1; pp. 15 - 23
• Main Authors: Djordjevic, Nenad, Grubic, Goran, Stojanovic, Bojan, Bozickovic, Aleksa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade 2011
• Subjects: compression; inoculation; lucerne; proteolysis; quality
• ISSN: 1450-8109; 2406-0968
• DOI: 10.2298/JAS1101015D

The effect of different levels of compression (A1 = 420 gdm-1, A2 = 560
gdm-1) and inoculation (B1 = no inoculant, B2 = with inoculant) on changes in
chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage was
investigated in this paper. Based on the results of chemical analysis we
found that in silages with more compressed material there was a reduction in
the amount of ammonia nitrogen, soluble nitrogen and acetic acid, and
increased content of protein nitrogen (?true?protein) and production of
lactic acid (p<0.05). With the inoculation of the ensiling material the
production of ammonia nitrogen and acetic acid was reduced but the content of
lactic acid and acidity was increased (p<0.05). The interaction of both
investigated factors (A?B) induced a decrease in the proteolysis degree,
increase of lactic acid production and decrease in acetic acid production,
and decrease in pH values (p<0.001) in investigated silages. The investigated
factors had less influence on the chemical composition of lucerne material,
and the significant variations were observed in fat and NFE contents. On the
basis of this investigation the degree of compression is the most important
parameter in ensiling technology. With the adequate compression and reduction
of air in the starting material, the aerobic phase is reduced and the
activity of proeolytic enzymes is decreased. In practice the special
attention should be given to factors on which directly or indirectly the
level of compression of ensiled material depends: wilting, cutting, object
selection and/or selection of machines used for compression.
U radu je ispitivan uticaj razlicitog stepena sabijanja (A1 = 420 gdm-1, A2 =
560 gdm-1) i inokulacije (B1 = bez inokulanta, B2 = sa inokulantom) na
promene parametara hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaze lucerke.
Na osnovu rezultata hemijskih analiza utvrdjeno je u silazama od bolje
sabijenog materijala smanjenje kolicine amonijacnog i rastvorljivog azota,
kao i sircetne kiseline, i povecanje kolicine proteinskog azota (?pravog?
proteina) i mlecne kiseline (p<0,05). Inokulacijom siliranog materijala
smanjena je produkcija amonijacnog azota i sircetne kiseline i istovremeno
povecana produkcija mlecne kiseline i kiselost silaza (p<0,05). Interakcijom
ispitivanih faktora (A?B) doslo je do smanjenja stepena proteolize u
silazama, povecanja produkcije mlecne kiseline i smanjenja kolicine sircetne
kiseline, a time i smanjenja pH vrednosti (p<0,001). Ispitivani faktori su
bili od manjeg znacaja za promene parametara hemijskog sastava hraniva pa su
signifikantno varirali samo kolicina masti i BEM-a. Na osnovu izvedenih
ispitivanja moze se zakljuciti da je stepen sabijanja najvaznija mera u
tehnologiji siliranja hraniva. Adekvatnim sabijanjem skracuje se trajanje
aerobne faze i ogranicava delatnost proteilitickih enzima. U praksi treba
posvetiti maksimalnu paznju faktorima od kojih direktno ili indirektno zavisi
stepen sabijenosti siliranog materijala: stepenu provenulosti, duzini
seckanja, izboru tipa objekta za siliranje i/ili izboru mehanizacije za
sabijanje (gazenje ili baliranje).
PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III-46012