The Effect of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition in Developing Chick Embryo Lungs

• Published in: Cell and tissue biology Vol. 16; no. 4; pp. 352 - 363
• Main Authors: Esra Uçar, Çöllü, Fatih, Gürcü, Beyhan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moscow Pleiades Publishing 2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Alveoli; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental stages; Embryogenesis; Embryos; Hemorrhage; Life Sciences; Lungs; Mesenchyme; NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester; Nitric oxide; Nitric-oxide synthase; Nitrous oxide; Saccule; lung; iNOS; L-NAME; eNOS; chick embryo
• ISSN: 1990-519X; 1990-5203
• DOI: 10.1134/S1990519X22040101

We identified the developmental stages of the chicken lung, and explored the histopathological effects of L-nitro-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME) on such development at different times. L-NAME was injected into the vitellus, at two different doses, on the day of embryogenesis 6, 8, 9, 11, 13, and 16. Sham-injected and experimental embryos were collected on the day of incubation 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, and 17. Chicken lungs developed in four stages: embryonic (4–7 days), pseudoglandular (8–14 days), canalicular (14–17 days), and saccular (or alveolar) (day 17 and postnatally). Most differentiation occurred in the pseudoglandular stage. L-NAME triggered mesenchymal tissue loss, reduced airway branching and lung volume, narrowed bronchial diameters, triggered formation of pulmonary emboli, enhanced alveolar protein accumulation, caused regional bleeding (hemorrhage), triggered abnormal blood vessel modeling, and reduced vessel diameter. Sham-injected embryos exhibited strong immunoreactivities against endothelial and inducible nitrous oxide synthase in the embryonic and canalicular stages; immunoreactivities were reduced at all developmental stages in the experimental group.