Dissociative amnesia with fugue features in a patient with Huntington's disease
Huntington's disease is a severe, incurable neurological disease characterised by motor, cognitive, andpsychological symptoms. This paper presents the case of a Huntington's disease patient with dissociativesymptoms. Clinical characteristics, genetic background, diagnostics, and guidelines...
Saved in:
Published in: | Medica Jadertina (Zagreb) Vol. 53; no. 3; pp. 229 - 234 |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Journal Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
27-11-2023
|
Online Access: | Get full text |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
Summary: | Huntington's disease is a severe, incurable neurological disease characterised by motor, cognitive, andpsychological symptoms. This paper presents the case of a Huntington's disease patient with dissociativesymptoms. Clinical characteristics, genetic background, diagnostics, and guidelines for treatingHuntington's disease are shown in the paper. We emphasised the importance of knowing the genetic basisand testing the descendants of the patients. We highlighted the difference between behaviouralperseveration as a common psychomotor disorder in these patients and symptoms of obsessive-compulsivedisorders.Dissociative disorders may occur under extreme mental stress and exhaustion, such as when dealingwith a severe incurable illness. These disorders are not typical psychopathological phenomena forHuntington's disease, but conditions of hopelessness and despair after facing a severe diagnosis may leadto dissociative symptoms. Dissociative disorders as indicators of exhaustion of mental functioning requirecaution, especially given their high frequency of occurrence with suicidality as extreme exhaustion ofmental functioning.So far, treatment of Huntington's disease is only symptomatic, emphasising the relaxation of motorchoreatic movements and heterogeneous mental disorders. Antipsychotics that reduce choreatic movementsbut also affect psychotic symptoms, behavioural perseverations and mood stabilisation are used primarilyto relieve symptoms.As it is a progressive disease that ends in severe motor deficit, dementia and death, treating these patientswith a multidisciplinary team that includes neurological, psychiatric and palliative care, physical therapy,nursing, and social care is necessary. Psychotherapeutic and sociotherapeutic approaches make it easier forpatients and their families to cope with this severe disease. Genetic testing of the offspring is desirable todetermine the potential carrying of the mutated gene and its transmission to subsequent generations inwhich the disease appears earlier.
Huntingtonova bolest je teška, neizlječiva, neurološka bolest, karakterizirana motoričkim, kognitivnim i psihičkim simptomima. Ovaj rad je prikaz slučaja bolesnika s Huntingtonovom bolešću kod kojega su se razvili disocijativni simptomi. U radu su prikazane kliničke značajke, genetska podloga, dijagnostika i smjernice za liječenje Huntingtonove bolesti. Naglasili smo važnost poznavanja genetske osnove tetestiranja potomaka oboljelih. Istakli smo razliku između bihevioralnih perseveracija kao čestog poremećaja psihomotorike kod ovih bolesnika i simptoma opsesivno-kompulzivnih poremećaja. U stanjima izraženog psihičkog stresa i iscrpljenosti, kao što je suočavanje s teškom neizlječivom bolešću, mogu se javiti disocijativni poremećaji. Ovi poremećaji nisu tipični psihopatološki fenomeni za Huntingtonovu bolest, ali stanja beznađa i očaja nakon suočavanja s teškom dijagnozom, mogu dovesti do pojave disocijativnih simptoma. Disocijativni poremećaji kao pokazatelji iscrpljenosti mentalnog funkcioniranja zahtijevaju oprez, posebice s obzirom na njihovu visoku učestalost javljanja sa suicidalnošću kao krajnjim iscrpljenjem psihičkog funkcioniranja. Liječenje Huntingtonove bolesti za sada je samo simptomatsko s naglaskom na ublažavanje motoričkih koreatskih pokreta, te heterogenih psihičkih smetnji. Za ublažavanje simptoma koriste se u prvom redu antipsihotici koji reduciraju koreatske pokrete, ali imaju djelovanje i na psihotične simptome, bihevioralne perseveracije, te stabilizaciju raspoloženja. Kako se radi o progresivnoj bolesti koja završava teškim motoričkim deficitom, demencijom i smrtnim ishodom, kod ovih bolesnika liječenju je nužno pristupiti s multidisciplinarnim timom koji uključuje neurološku, psihijatrijsku i palijativnu skrb, te fizikalnu terapiju, adekvatnu njegu i socijalnu skrb. Psihoterapijski i socioterapijski pristupi olakšavaju nošenje oboljelih i njihovih obitelji s ovom teškom bolešću. Poželjno je genetsko testiranje potomaka, kako bi se utvrdilo potencijalno nošenje mutiranog gena i prijenos na sljedeće generacije kod kojih se bolest javlja u sve ranijoj dobi. |
---|---|
ISSN: | 1848-817X 1848-817X |
DOI: | 10.57140/mj.53.3.8 |