Body mass index cutoff points and their relationship to chronic non-communicable diseases in older people
Abstract Objective To determine the association between nutritional status according to different cutoff points for body mass index (BMI) and the occurrence of noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCD) in older people. Methods A cross-sectional study of 365 older people was conducted using a questionna...
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Published in: | Revista brasileira de geriatria e gerontologia Vol. 26 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Journal Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2023
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Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Abstract Objective To determine the association between nutritional status according to different cutoff points for body mass index (BMI) and the occurrence of noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCD) in older people. Methods A cross-sectional study of 365 older people was conducted using a questionnaire collecting information on health variables, body weight and height measurements. The association between classification of nutritional status using BMI and occurrence of NCD was estimated by the Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI). Results As measured by the different BMI classification criteria, nutritional status varied: for normal weight (24.9-32.3%), excess weight (57.3-73.2%) and for underweight (1.9-15.3%). According to the Lipschitz classification, underweight was associated with lower occurrence of osteoarticular diseases (OR=0.38; 95%CI: 0.15-0.93) and cardiometabolic diseases (OR=0.42; 95%CI: 0.19- 0.94); while overweight was associated with higher occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases (OR=2.26; 95%CI: 1.30-3.93). According to the World Health Organization criteria, underweight was associated with lower occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases (OR=0.09; 95%CI: 0.01-0.61), overweight with lower occurrence of neuropsychological diseases (OR=0. 47; 95%CI: 0.26-0.87), while obese status was associated with higher occurrence of osteoarticular (OR=1.95; 95%CI: 1.08-3.52) and cardiometabolic (OR=3.02; 95%CI: 1.54-5.93) diseases. According to the Pan American Health Organization criteria, underweight was associated with lower occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases (OR=0.45; 95%CI: 0.22-0.91) and obese status with higher occurrence of osteoarticular (OR=1, 91; 95%CI: 1.16-3.15), cardiometabolic (OR=2.58; 95%CI: 1.36-4.85) and respiratory (OR=1.96; 95%CI: 1.16-3.16) diseases. Conclusion The classification criteria for BMI were negatively (underweight) and positively (excess weight) associated with the occurrence of NCD, exhibiting a stronger association when the overweight classification was differentiated from the obese classification.
Resumo Objetivo Verificar a associação entre estado nutricional segundo diferentes pontos de corte para índice de massa corporal (IMC) e ocorrência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) em idosos. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado com 365 idosos de ambos os sexos, utilizando-se um questionário contendo variáveis sobre saúde e medidas de peso e estatura. A associação entre classificação do estado nutricional pelo IMC e ocorrência de DCNT foi estimada pelo Odds Ratio (OR) e Intervalos de 95% de Confiança (IC95%). Resultados A partir dos critérios de classificação do IMC, o estado nutricional variou entre: adequado (24,9%-32,3%), excesso de peso (57,3%-73,2%) e baixo peso (1,9%-15,3%). Segundo a classificação do estado nutricional por Lipschitz, o baixo peso se associou à menor ocorrência de doenças osteoarticulares (OR=0,38; IC95%:0,15-0,93) e cardiometabólicas (OR=0,42; IC95%:0,19-0,94); o sobrepeso se associou à maior ocorrência de doenças cardiometabólicas (OR=2,26; IC95%:1,30-3,93). Segundo critérios da Organização Mundial de Saúde, o baixo peso se associou à menor ocorrência de doenças cardiometabólicas (OR=0,09; IC95%:0,01-0,61), sobrepeso à menor ocorrência de doenças neuropsicológicas (OR=0,47; IC95%:0,26-0,87), obesidade à maior ocorrência de doenças osteoarticulares (OR=1,95; IC95%:1,08-3,52) e cardiometabólicas (OR=3,02; IC95%: 1,54-5,93). Pelos critérios da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde, o baixo peso se associou à menor ocorrência de doenças cardiometabólicas (OR=0,45; IC95%:0,22-0,91), obesidade à maior ocorrência de doenças osteoarticulares (OR=1,91; IC95%:1,16-3,15), cardiometabólicas (OR=2,58; IC95%:1,36-4,85) e respiratórias (OR=1,96; IC95%:1,16-3,16). Conclusão Os critérios de classificação do IMC associaram-se negativamente (baixo peso) e positivamente (excesso de peso) à ocorrência de DCNT, verificando-se maior força na associação quando se diferenciou sobrepeso de obesidade. |
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ISSN: | 1809-9823 1981-2256 |
DOI: | 10.1590/1981-22562023026.230054.en |