Does partial expander deflation exacerbate the adverse effects of radiotherapy in two-stage breast reconstruction?

• Published in: World journal of surgical oncology Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 44
• Main Authors: Celet Ozden, Burcu, Guven, Erdem, Aslay, Isik, Kemikler, Gonul, Olgac, Vakur, Soluk Tekkesin, Merva, Serarslan, Bengul, Tumerdem Ulug, Burcak, Bilgin Karabulut, Aylin, Arinci, Atilla, Emekli, Ufuk
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 20-02-2012; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Acquisitions & mergers; Animals; Breast cancer; Breast Implants; Breast Neoplasms - pathology; Breast Neoplasms - radiotherapy; Breast Neoplasms - surgery; Care and treatment; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Drug dosages; Female; Health aspects; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mammaplasty; Mastectomy - rehabilitation; Medicine; Oncology; Patient outcomes; Postoperative period; Rabbits; Radiation Injuries - etiology; Radiation Oncology; Radiation therapy; Radiotherapy; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted - instrumentation; Skin - blood supply; Skin - pathology; Tissue expansion; Tissue Expansion - adverse effects; Tissue Expansion Devices; Two-stage breast reconstruction; Turkey
• ISSN: 1477-7819; 1477-7819
• DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-10-44

The optimum protocol for expander volume adjustment with respect to the timing and application of radiotherapy remains controversial.
Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups. Metallic port integrated anatomic breast expanders of 250 cc were implanted on the back of each animal and controlled expansion was performed. Group I underwent radiotherapy with full expanders while in Group II, expanders were partially deflated immediately prior to radiotherapy. Control group did not receive radiotherapy.The changes in blood flow at different volume adjustments were investigated in Group II by laser Doppler flowmetry. Variations in the histopathologic properties of the irradiated tissues including the skin, capsule and the pocket floor, were compared in the biopsy specimens taken from different locations in each group.
A significant increase in skin blood flow was detected in Group II with partial expander deflation. Overall, histopathologic exam revealed aggravated findings of chronic radiodermatitis (epidermal atrophy, dermal inflammation and fibrosis, neovascularisation and vascular changes as well as increased capsule thickness) especially around the lower expander pole, in Group II.
Expander deflation immediately prior to radiotherapy, may augment the adverse effects, especially in the lower expander pole, possibly via enhanced radiosensitization due to a relative increase in the blood flow and tissue oxygenation.