Drug-susceptibility Patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa: Possible Guiding Design of Retreatment Regimen

• Published in: Journal of health, population and nutrition Vol. 28; no. 1; pp. 7 - 13
• Main Authors: Green, E, Obi, C.L, Nchabeleng, M, de Villiers, B.E, Sein, P.P, Letsoalo, T, Hoosen, A.A, Bessong, P.O, Ndip, R.N
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bangladesh icddr,b 01-02-2010; ICDDR,B: Centre for Health and Population Research; BioMed Central Ltd; BioMed Central; International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage; Antibiotics, Antitubercular - administration & dosage; Antitubercular Agents - administration & dosage; Antituberculars; Bacteria; Care and treatment; Demographic aspects; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in microorganisms; Drug resistance, Microbial; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - drug effects; Drug resistant; Epidemiology; Ethambutol - administration & dosage; Female; Humans; Isoniazid - administration & dosage; Male; Microbiology; Middle Aged; Multidrug resistant tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification; Original Papers; Predisposing factors; Prevalence; Provinces; Pulmonary tuberculosis; Retreatment - methods; Rifampin - administration & dosage; Risk Factors; South Africa; South Africa - epidemiology; Sputum; Streptomycin; Streptomycin - administration & dosage; Susceptibility; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis - drug therapy; Tuberculosis - epidemiology; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - drug therapy; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - epidemiology; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - microbiology; Young Adult; South Africa; Mpumalanga South Africa
• ISSN: 1606-0997; 2072-1315
• DOI: 10.3329/jhpn.v28i1.4518

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been a cause of concern
in both developed and developing countries. The prevalence of drug
resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates (n=692) from
Mpumalanga province was assessed. In total, 692 (64%) MTB strains from
cases with pulmonary TB were tested for susceptibility against
rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and streptomycin using the MGIT 960
instrument. Two hundred and nine (30.2%) strains were resistant to one
or more drugs. Resistance to one drug ranged from 1.4% for ethambutol
to 17.7% for rifampicin. The prevalence of MDR-TB ranged from 6.7% for
three drugs to 34% for four drugs, with significant predictors being
patients' age-groups of 25-54 years (p=0.0012) and >55 years
(p=0.007). The result showed a high level (58.4%) of MDR-TB from cases
in Mpumalanga province. To achieve a higher cure rate in this province,
drug-susceptibility tests must be done for every case.