Managing haemorrhoids

• Published in: BMJ Vol. 327; no. 7419; pp. 847 - 851
• Main Authors: Nisar, Pasha J, Scholefield, John H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London British Medical Journal Publishing Group 11-10-2003; British Medical Association; BMJ Publishing Group LTD; BMJ Publishing Group; BMJ Group
• Edition: International edition
• Subjects: Algorithms; Ambulatory Care; Biological and medical sciences; Bleeding; Clinical Review; Crohn Disease - complications; Crohn Disease - therapy; Diet; Disease management; Emergency Treatment; Female; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Hemorrhoids; Hemorrhoids - diagnosis; Hemorrhoids - etiology; Hemorrhoids - therapy; HIV Infections - complications; HIV Infections - therapy; Humans; Large intestine; Life Style; Ligation; Medical sciences; Medical treatment; Ointments - therapeutic use; Other diseases. Semiology; Pregnancy; Pregnancy complications; Pregnancy Complications - therapy; Rectum; Rubber bands; Sclerotherapy; Sclerotherapy - methods; Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus; Surgical specialties; Surgical Stapling - methods; Symptoms; Varicose veins; Vascular disease; Human; Clinical management; Treatment; Cardiovascular disease; Digestive diseases; Intestinal disease; Hemorrhoid; Review; Anorectal disease; Venous disease
• ISSN: 0959-8138; 0959-8146; 1468-5833; 1756-1833
• DOI: 10.1136/bmj.327.7419.847

Internal haemorrhoids originate from the internal haemorrhoidal venous plexus above the dentate line; external haemorrhoids originate from the external plexus below the dentate line. This line lies at 2 cm from the anal verge and demarcates the transition from the upper anal canal, lined with columnar epithelium, and the lower anal canal, lined with sensate squamous epithelium.