Clinical and epidemiological profiles of individuals with drug-resistant tuberculosis

• Published in: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Vol. 110; no. 2; pp. 235 - 248
• Main Authors: Pedro, Heloisa da Silveira Paro, Nardi, Susilene Maria Tonelli, Pereira, Maria Izabel Ferreira, Oliveira, Rosângela Siqueira, Suffys, Philip Noel, Gomes, Harrison Magdinier, Finardi, Amanda Juliane, Moraes, Eloise Brasil de, Baptista, Ida Maria Foschiani Dias, Machado, Ricardo Luiz Dantas, Castiglioni, Lilian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazil Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz 01-04-2015; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)
• Subjects: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - epidemiology; Adolescent; Adult; antimicrobial resistance; Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use; Brazil - epidemiology; Coinfection - drug therapy; Coinfection - epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; diagnosis; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - drug effects; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - classification; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects; PARASITOLOGY; Socioeconomic Factors; TROPICAL MEDICINE; tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - complications; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - drug therapy; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - epidemiology; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - complications; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - drug therapy; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology; Young Adult; Brazil; antimicrobial resistance; diagnosis; tuberculosis
• ISSN: 1678-8060; 0074-0276; 1678-8060; 0074-0276
• DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760140316

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a growing global threat.
Approximately 450,000 people developed multidrug-resistant TB worldwide
in 2012 and an estimated 170,000 people died from the disease. This
paper describes the sociodemographic, clinical-epidemiological and
bacteriological aspects of TB and correlates these features with the
distribution of anti-TB drug resistance. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(MT) cultures and drug susceptibility testing were performed according
to the BACTEC MGIT 960 method. The results demonstrated that MT strains
from individuals who received treatment for TB and people who were
infected with human immunodeficiency virus were more resistant to TB
drugs compared to other individuals (p < 0.05). Approximately half
of the individuals received supervised treatment, but most
drug-resistant cases were positive for pulmonary TB and exhibited
positive acid-fast bacilli smears, which are complicating factors for
TB control programs. Primary healthcare is the ideal level for early
disease detection, but tertiary healthcare is the most common entry
point for patients into the system. These factors require special
attention from healthcare managers and professionals to effectively
control and monitor the spread of TB drug-resistant cases.