Horizontal Transmission of Beauveria bassiana in Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) Under Laboratory and Field Cage Conditions

• Published in: Journal of economic entomology Vol. 100; no. 2; pp. 291 - 297
• Main Authors: Toledo, Jorge, Campos, Sergio E., Flores, Salvador, Liedo, Pablo, Barrera, Juan F., Villaseñor, Antonio, Montoya, Pablo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Lanham, MD Entomological Society of America 01-04-2007
• Subjects: Anastrepha ludens; Animals; Beauveria - pathogenicity; Beauveria bassiana; Biological and medical sciences; BIOLOGICAL AND MICROBIAL CONTROL; biological control agents; Control; disease transmission; Disease Transmission, Infectious; entomopathogenic fungi; fecundity; Female; female fertility; Fertility; field experimentation; fruit flies; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Generalities; horizontal transmission; insect control; Insecta; Invertebrates; Longevity; Male; mating behavior; mating performance; mating success; pathogenicity; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Protozoa. Invertebrates; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Tephritidae - microbiology; virulence; Mexico; Laboratory study; Cage; Tephritidae; Insecta; Virulence; Transmission; Parasite; Fungi; Mycoparasite; Pathogenicity; Beauveria bassiana; Anastrepha ludens; Arthropoda; horizontal transmission; Fungi Imperfecti; Invertebrata; Diptera; Thallophyta
• ISSN: 0022-0493; 1938-291X
• DOI: 10.1603/0022-0493%282007%29100%5B291%3AHTOBBI%5D2.0.CO%3B2

The virulence of two products of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (LCPP and Bassianil) on adult Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their effect on the mating performance of infected males was evaluated in laboratory and field cage tests. The horizontal transmission capacity of the fungus during copulation or attempted copulation also was quantified using inoculated males as well as the impact of infection on female fecundity and longevity. Both fungal products were found to be highly virulent (LCPP, mortality = 98.7% at 1 × 108 conidia per ml, LT50 = 4.20 d, LC50 = 9.35 × 105 conidia per ml; Bassianil, mortality = 99.3% at 1 × 108 conidia per ml, LT50 = 4.04 d, LC50 = 2.69 × 107conidia per ml). Mating success of inoculated males was not affected compared with the control group during the 3 d postinoculation. Horizontal transmission to females during the first day was 80.6 and 84.3% through mating and 15.4 and 21.6% through attempts to mate and contact during courtship for the LCPP and Bassianil products, respectively. The fertility of infected females was notably reduced, and longevity did not extend beyond 15 d. Our results suggest the possibility of using sterile flies as fungus vectors in sterile insect technique programs, but the potential benefits and shortcomings of this approach require further investigation.