One slope or two? Detecting statistically significant breaks of slope in geophysical data, with application to fracture scaling relationships

• Published in: Geophysical research letters Vol. 26; no. 18; pp. 2801 - 2804
• Main Authors: Main, I. G., Leonard, T., Papasouliotis, O., Hatton, C. G., Meredith, P. G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC Blackwell Publishing Ltd 15-09-1999; American Geophysical Union
• Subjects: Breaking; Computational fluid dynamics; Displacement; Earth sciences; Earth, ocean, space; Exact sciences and technology; Faults; Fracture mechanics; Geophysics; Mathematical models; Straight lines; Tectonics. Structural geology. Plate tectonics; Iceland; Krafla; Western Europe; bayesian analysis; models; hydraulics; Europe; displacements; fault displacements; fault zones; fractures; mechanical properties; dimensions
• ISSN: 0094-8276; 1944-8007
• DOI: 10.1029/1999GL005372

The scaling of displacement as a function of length is important for a variety of applications which depend on the mechanical and hydraulic properties of faults and fractures. Recently it has been suggested that the power‐law exponent ν which has been found to characterise this relationship may change significantly at a characteristic length for a variety of reasons, for example when cracks begin to interact, or when faults grow to a length comparable to a characteristic size in the brittle layer. Such a break of slope requires a second straight line, requiring two extra model parameters. Here we present a new method for analysing such data, which penalises the extra parameters using a modified form of Schwarz's Information Criterion, and a Bayesian approach which represents uncertainty in the unknown parameters. We apply the method to data from the Krafla fissure zone in the north of Iceland, and find a significant break of slope, from ν ≈ 3/2 to ν ≈ 2/3, at a characteristic length of 12m.