Spectrum of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Oman

• Published in: Sultan Qaboos University medical journal Vol. 18; no. 3; pp. 329 - 337
• Main Authors: Gujjar , Arunodaya R, Kumar , Sunil, El-Tigani , Mortada, Al-Azri , Faizal, Ramachandiran , Nandagopal, Obaidi , Ammar, Lal , Darshan, Al-Asmi , Abdullah R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Muscat - Oman Sultan Qaboos Uinversity : Academic Publication Board 01-08-2018; Sultan Qaboos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences; Sultan Qaboos University; Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, College of Medicine & Health Sciences
• Subjects: Adult; Cerebrum - blood supply; Clinical & Basic Research; DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS; Female; Headache - etiology; Hospitals; Humans; Lupus; Magnetic Resonance Angiography - methods; Male; Medical imaging; Middle Aged; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; OMAN; PARANASAL SINUSES; Patients; Pregnancy; Proteins; Retrospective Studies; Seizures - etiology; Sinuses; Stroke; Systematic review; Tertiary Care Centers - organization & administration; Tertiary Care Centers - statistics & numerical data; THROMBOSIS; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods; Veins & arteries; Venous Thrombosis - epidemiology; VENOUS VALVES; التجلط الوريدي العميق; الجيوب المجانبة للأنف; الخثار; الصمامات الوريدية; عمان; Oman; Venous Thrombosis; Neurological Manifestations; Patient Outcome Assessment; Cerebral Thrombosis; Cranial Venous Sinuses; Oman
• ISSN: 2075-051X; 2075-0528
• DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2018.18.03.011

Objectives: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) can have varied and life-threatening manifestations. This study
aimed to examine the spectrum of its clinical presentations and outcomes in a tertiary hospital in Oman. Methods: This
retrospective study was conducted at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between January 2009 and
December 2017. The medical records of all patients with CVT were reviewed to determine demographic characteristics,
clinical features and patient outcomes. Results: A total of 30 patients had CVT. The mean age was 36.8 ± 11 years and the
male-to-female ratio was 2:3. Common manifestations included headache (83%), altered sensorium (50%), seizures (43%)
and hemiparesis (33%). Underlying risk factors were present in 16 patients (53%). Computed tomography or magnetic
resonance imaging of the brain was abnormal in all patients, with indications of infarcts (40%) and major sinus thrombosis
(100%). There were five cases (20%) of deep CVT. The patients were treated with low-molecular-weight heparin, mannitol
and anticonvulsants. The majority (77%) had no residual neurological deficits at follow-up. Conclusion: These findings
indicate that CVT is a relatively uncommon yet treatable disorder in Oman. A high index of suspicion, early diagnosis,
prompt anticoagulation treatment and critical care may enhance favourable patient outcomes.