Calculating Flow in Manifold and Orifice System

Spatial distribution of water discharge can be obtained through a manifold consisting of main pipes and perforated laterals. This study formulates the problem of discharge distribution among lateral pipes and from laterals through orifices uniformly spaced along them. A nonlinear difference equation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental engineering (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 118; no. 4; pp. 585 - 596
Main Authors: Chaudhry, Fazal H, Reis, Luisa F. R
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Reston, VA American Society of Civil Engineers 01-07-1992
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Summary:Spatial distribution of water discharge can be obtained through a manifold consisting of main pipes and perforated laterals. This study formulates the problem of discharge distribution among lateral pipes and from laterals through orifices uniformly spaced along them. A nonlinear difference equation for flow in the pipes is solved numerically to determine the driving head as a function of the number of ports and a geometrical ratio. A dimensionless solution for simple manifolds is developed to obtain a direct method of evaluating discharges through all the orifices. The approach presented in this paper makes it possible to formulate the problem of restricting the maximum outlet-discharge variation through a dividing-flow manifold. A graphical solution to this problem is obtained that permits one to indicate the lateral-to-manifold diameter ratio for limiting this variation to a prescribed value. The results of this paper offer a means for comparing the uniformity of distribution expected from various combinations of the number of orifices and laterals and their sizes for a given manifold.
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ISSN:0733-9372
1943-7870
DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1992)118:4(585)