Influence of Mileage Accumulation on the Particle Mass and Number Emissions of Two Gasoline Direct Injection Vehicles

• Published in: Environmental science & technology Vol. 47; no. 20; pp. 11890 - 11896
• Main Authors: Maricq, M. Matti, Szente, Joseph J, Adams, Jack, Tennison, Paul, Rumpsa, Todd
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Chemical Society 15-10-2013
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Atmospheric pollution; Automobiles; Catalysis; Emission standards; Emissions; Emissions control; Energy efficiency; Environmental regulations; Exact sciences and technology; Filtration; Gasoline; Gasoline - analysis; Greenhouse gases; Nitrates - analysis; Nitrites - analysis; Particle Size; Particulate Matter - chemistry; Pollution; Prevention and purification methods; Transports and other; Vehicle Emissions - analysis; Environmental policy; Pollution control; Gasoline engine; Motor vehicle; Sustainable development; European Union; Aerosols; Air pollution; Pollution abatement; Regulation; Road traffic; Emissions reduction; Direct injection
• ISSN: 0013-936X; 1520-5851
• DOI: 10.1021/es402686z

Gasoline direct injection (GDI) is a new engine technology intended to improve fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions as required by recently enacted legislative and environmental regulations. The development of this technology must also ensure that these vehicles meet new LEV III and Tier 3 emissions standards as they phase in between 2017 and 2021. The aim of the present paper is to examine, at least for a small set, how the PM emissions from GDI vehicles change over their lifetime. The paper reports particle mass and number emissions of two GDI vehicles as a function of mileage up to 150K miles. These vehicles exhibit PM emissions that are near or below the upcoming 3 mg/mi FTP and 10 mg/mi US06 mass standards with little, if any, deterioration over 150K miles. Particle number emissions roughly follow the previously observed 2 × 1012 particles/mg correlation between solid particle number and PM mass. They remained between the interim and final EU stage 6 solid particle count standard for gasoline vehicles throughout the mileage accumulation study. These examples demonstrate feasibility to meet near-term 3 mg/mi and interim EU solid particle number standards, but continued development is needed to ensure that this continues as further fuel economy improvements are made.