Factores de riesgo de malnutrición a los dos años de edad corregida en prematuros menores de 32 semanas al nacer

Resumen: La nutrición post alta del prematuro debe evitar el incremento excesivo o insuficiente de peso, con un crecimiento óptimo de circunferencia craneana y talla. En Chile los prematuros < 32 semanas reciben fórmulas enriquecidas durante el primer año si no se alimentan con lactancia materna...

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Published in:Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatría
Main Authors: Vernal Silva, Patricia, Mena Nannig, Patricia, Diaz Gonzalez, Alexis, Henriquez Höfter, Maria Teresa, Pittaluga Pierdiluca, Enrica, D’Apremont Ormeño, Ivonne, Morgues Nudman, Monica, Standen, Jane, Johannessen Vasquez, Karla
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Abstract Resumen: La nutrición post alta del prematuro debe evitar el incremento excesivo o insuficiente de peso, con un crecimiento óptimo de circunferencia craneana y talla. En Chile los prematuros < 32 semanas reciben fórmulas enriquecidas durante el primer año si no se alimentan con lactancia materna exclusiva. Objetivo: describir el crecimiento e identificar precozmente el riesgo de malnutrición a los 24 meses. Pacientes y Método: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo del crecimiento desde el nacimiento hasta los 2 años de edad corregida, de prematuros < 32 semanas de edad gestacional. Se analizó puntaje Z de peso, longitud, perímetro craneano e índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se analizaron los factores asociados al IMC a los 2 años; IMC entre -1 y +1: eutrofia; > +1: riesgo de malnutrición por exceso; < -1 malnutrición por déficit. Resultados: Se reclutaron 996 prematuros, 559 cumplieron control a los 24 meses. 64,5 % eutrófico, 18,4% riesgo de malnutrición por exceso, 17,1% malnutrición por dé ficit. En el análisis multivariado, el riesgo de malnutrición por exceso se asoció al peso de nacimiento > 1.460 g: OR 5,77 (2,11-15,77) y Z IMC > 1,6 a 6 meses: OR 2,67 (1,91-3,74); la malnutrición por déficit se asoció a peso de nacimiento < 1.000 g: OR 3,1(1,1-8,8) y Z IMC < -0,75 a 6 meses: OR 8,2 (4,3-16,3). Conclusiones: El mayor riesgo de malnutrición por exceso y por déficit puede ser antici pado con el peso de nacimiento y Z IMC a los 6 meses de edad corregida.
AbstractList Resumen: La nutrición post alta del prematuro debe evitar el incremento excesivo o insuficiente de peso, con un crecimiento óptimo de circunferencia craneana y talla. En Chile los prematuros < 32 semanas reciben fórmulas enriquecidas durante el primer año si no se alimentan con lactancia materna exclusiva. Objetivo: describir el crecimiento e identificar precozmente el riesgo de malnutrición a los 24 meses. Pacientes y Método: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo del crecimiento desde el nacimiento hasta los 2 años de edad corregida, de prematuros < 32 semanas de edad gestacional. Se analizó puntaje Z de peso, longitud, perímetro craneano e índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se analizaron los factores asociados al IMC a los 2 años; IMC entre -1 y +1: eutrofia; > +1: riesgo de malnutrición por exceso; < -1 malnutrición por déficit. Resultados: Se reclutaron 996 prematuros, 559 cumplieron control a los 24 meses. 64,5 % eutrófico, 18,4% riesgo de malnutrición por exceso, 17,1% malnutrición por dé ficit. En el análisis multivariado, el riesgo de malnutrición por exceso se asoció al peso de nacimiento > 1.460 g: OR 5,77 (2,11-15,77) y Z IMC > 1,6 a 6 meses: OR 2,67 (1,91-3,74); la malnutrición por déficit se asoció a peso de nacimiento < 1.000 g: OR 3,1(1,1-8,8) y Z IMC < -0,75 a 6 meses: OR 8,2 (4,3-16,3). Conclusiones: El mayor riesgo de malnutrición por exceso y por déficit puede ser antici pado con el peso de nacimiento y Z IMC a los 6 meses de edad corregida.
Author Pittaluga Pierdiluca, Enrica
Johannessen Vasquez, Karla
Diaz Gonzalez, Alexis
Morgues Nudman, Monica
Henriquez Höfter, Maria Teresa
Vernal Silva, Patricia
Standen, Jane
D’Apremont Ormeño, Ivonne
Mena Nannig, Patricia
AuthorAffiliation Hospital Gustavo Fricke
Hospital Sotero del Rio
Universidad de Chile
Hospital San Jose
Hospital San Juan de Dios
Hospital de Rancagua
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  surname: Johannessen Vasquez
  fullname: Johannessen Vasquez, Karla
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DocumentTitleAlternate Risk factors for malnutrition at two years of corrected age in preterm infants under 32 weeks
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Keywords Premature
Body Mass Index
Prematuros
Antropometría
Estudio de Seguimiento
Anthropometry
Índice Masa Corporal
Follow Up Study
Language Portuguese
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Snippet Resumen: La nutrición post alta del prematuro debe evitar el incremento excesivo o insuficiente de peso, con un crecimiento óptimo de circunferencia craneana y...
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Title Factores de riesgo de malnutrición a los dos años de edad corregida en prematuros menores de 32 semanas al nacer
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