Catalytic effect of transition metal-doped medical grade polymer on -nitrosothiol decomposition and its biological response

• Published in: Materials advances Vol. 4; no. 15; pp. 3197 - 326
• Main Authors: Mondal, Arnab, Maffe, Patrick, Wilson, Sarah N, Ghalei, Sama, Palacio, Ricky, Handa, Hitesh, Brisbois, Elizabeth J
• Format: Journal Article
• Published: 31-07-2023
• ISSN: 2633-5409
• DOI: 10.1039/d3ma00191a

Nitric oxide (NO)-release from polymer metal composites is achieved through the incorporation of NO donors such as
S
-nitrosothiols (RSNO). Several studies have shown that metal nanoparticles catalytically decompose RSNO to release NO. In polymer composites, the NO surface flux from the surface can be modulated by the application of metal nanoparticles with a varying degree of catalytic activity. In this study, we compare the NO-releasing polymer composite design strategy - demonstrating how different ways of incorporating RSNO and metal nanoparticles can affect NO flux, donor leaching, or biological activity of the films. The first approach included blending both the RSNO and metal nanoparticle in the matrix (non-layered), while the second approach involved dip-coating metal nanoparticle/polymer layer on the RSNO-containing polymer composite (layered). Secondly, we compare both designs with respect to metal nanoparticles, including iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and silver (Ag). Differential NO surface flux is observed for each metal nanoparticle, with the Cu-containing polymer composites showing the highest flux for layered composites, whereas Fe demonstrated the highest NO flux for non-layered composites in 24 h. Additionally, a comparative study on NO flux modulation
via
the choice of metal nanoparticles is shown. Furthermore, mouse fibroblast cell viability when exposed to leachates from the polymer metal composites was dependent on (1) the design of the polymer composite where the layered approach performed better than non-layered composites (2) diffusion of metal nanoparticles from the composites plays a key role. Antibacterial activity on methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
was also dependent on individual metal nanoparticles and flux levels in a 24 h
in vitro
CDC bioreactor study. Therefore, the study establishes the need for a layered polymer metal composite strategy that synergizes NO flux without negatively affecting biocompatibility.
Comparative study investigates nitric oxide (NO)-releasing polymer composites with metal nanoparticles, revealing differential flux and biological effects, emphasizing the importance of a layered design for optimal NO release and biocompatibility.