Control of leaf diseases in wheat with low spray volume equipments/Controle de doencas foliares em trigo com equipamentos de pulverizacao de baixo volume de aplicacao

The use of spraying equipments with lower spray volume at disease control is a tendency in agriculture. The study aimed to determinate the efficiency of low spray volume at the wheat leaf diseases control. The experiment was carried during two harvest years and three cultivars in Santa Maria, RS. Th...

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Published in:Ciência rural Vol. 44; no. 11; p. 1966
Main Authors: Sari, Bruno Giacomini, Stefanelo, Mauricio Silva, Lenz, Giuvan, da Costa, Ivan Francisco Dressler, Arrue, Adriano, Augusti, Guilherme Rossato, Pes, Maiquel Pizzuti
Format: Journal Article
Language:Spanish
Published: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 01-11-2014
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Summary:The use of spraying equipments with lower spray volume at disease control is a tendency in agriculture. The study aimed to determinate the efficiency of low spray volume at the wheat leaf diseases control. The experiment was carried during two harvest years and three cultivars in Santa Maria, RS. The treatments were constituted of different spraying equipments: hydraulic nozzle (XR 110015) and hollow cone (TX-VK6), both with spray volume of 120L [ha.sup.-1], rotary-disk atomizer using low volume in oil, with spray volume of 24L [ha.sup.-1] and 34L [ha.sup.-1] and a control treatment without application. The droplets generated by the equipments (density, medium volumetric diameter) were evaluated throughout the use of water sensible cards. Also were evaluated the yellow leaf blight and leaf rust. The use of hydraulic nozzle at spray volume of 120L [ha.sup.-1] showed higher efficiency on the disease control. The rotary-disk atomizer with spray volume of 34L [ha.sup.-1] showed similar efficiency in the disease control of hydraulic nozzle. The droplet density was superior to 40 droplets [cm.sup.-2] in all treatments, also at the rotary-disk treatments with low pulverization rates. The disease control did not show direct relation with the coverage measured by the water sensible cards. Key words: rotary-disk atomizer, pulverization technology, droplet density, leaf blight, leaf rust. A utilizacao de equipamentos de pulverizacao com menor volume de aplicacao no controle de doencas e uma tendencia na agricultura. Portanto, este trabalho tem por objetivo determinar a eficiencia de equipamentos com baixo volume de aplicacao no controle de doencas foliares do trigo. O experimento foi conduzido em duas safras agricolas e tres cultivares no municipio de Santa Maria, RS. Os tratamentos constituiram-se de diferentes equipamentos de pulverizacao, sendo eles: pontas hidraulicas do tipo leque (XR 110015) e cone vazio sem inducao de ar (TX-VK6), ambos com volume de aplicacao de 120L [ha.sup.-1], atomizadores rotativos de discos, utilizando baixo volume oleoso (BVO[R]), com volumes de aplicacao de 24L [ha.sup.-1] e 34L [ha.sup.-1] e uma testemunha sem aplicacao. As gotas geradas pelos equipamentos (densidade, diametro mediano volumetrico) foram avaliadas atraves da utilizacao de papeis hidrosensiveis. Tambem foram avaliadas a severidade da mancha amarela e da ferrugem da folha. A utilizacao de bicos hidraulicos com volume de aplicacao de 120L [ha.sup.-1] apresentaram as maiores eficiencias no controle das doencas. O atomizador rotativo de discos com volume de aplicacao de 34L [ha.sup.-1] apresentou eficiencia no controle das doencas semelhantes ao bico hidraulico. A densidade de gotas foi superior a 40 gotas [cm.sup.-2] em todos os tratamentos, mesmo nos tratamentos com atomizadores rotativos de disco com baixo volume de aplicacao. O controle das doencas nao apresentou relacao direta com a cobertura mensurada pelos cartoes hidrosensiveis. Palavras-chave: atomizadores rotativos de disco, tecnologia de aplicacao, densidade de gotas, manchas foliares, ferrugem da folha.
ISSN:0103-8478
DOI:10.1590/0103-8478cr20140206