Transcranial direct current stimulation: the clinical application to physical performance/Estimulacao transcraniana por corrente continua: da aplicacao clinica ao desempenho fisico
Non-invasive techniques to modulate brain function have been developed, among which the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The present review aimed to describe the characteristics and mechanisms related to tDCS, as well as its potential clinical applications, analyzing research that inv...
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Published in: | Revista Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto Vol. 12; no. 4; p. 27 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Journal Article |
Language: | Spanish |
Published: |
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro- Uerj
01-10-2013
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Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Non-invasive techniques to modulate brain function have been developed, among which the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The present review aimed to describe the characteristics and mechanisms related to tDCS, as well as its potential clinical applications, analyzing research that investigated the relationship of this technique with neuroplasticity, physical rehabilitation and physical performance. The main mechanisms for the tDCS modulation have been related to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, especially with regard to the post-stimulation effects. Such effects would also be influenced by neuromodulators such as serotonin, dopamine, adrenaline, GABA and acetylcholine. Accumulated evidence suggests that tDCS can be effectively applied in the treatment of neurological disturbs as the Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer, depression, and cravings for drugs and food. More recent studies have examined its potential applicability as an ergogenic strategy, increasing the muscle strength during specific tasks, aerobic capacity, and decreasing the rate of perceived exertion. It has been also proposed that the tDCS may influence favorably the energy expenditure and blood pressure after physical exercise. Keywords: Electric stimulation therapy; Neurotransmitter agents; Performance-enhancing substances; Exercise; Health. Tecnicas nao invasivas para modular a funcao cerebral vem sendo desenvolvidas, dentre as quais se destaca a estimulacao transcraniana por corrente continua (ETCC). Este artigo de revisao teve por objetivo descrever as caracteristicas e mecanismos associados a ETCC, bem como suas aplicacoes clinicas potenciais, analisando estudos que relacionaram esta tecnica com neuroplasticidade, reabilitacao e desempenho fisico. Os principais mecanismos de acao propostos para a ETCC envolvem receptores N-metil-D-aspartato, principalmente no tocante aos efeitos pos-estimulacao. Esses efeitos seriam influenciados por alguns neuromoduladores, como a serotonina, dopamina, adrenalina, GABA e acetilcolina. Ha um consistente corpo de evidencias sugerindo que a ETCC seja eficaz no tratamento de disturbios neurologicos como doenca de Parkinson, mal de Alzheimer, depressao e compulsoes por drogas e alimentos. Estudos recentes sugerem que um novo campo de aplicabilidade da ETCC possa estar relacionado com um provavel efeito ergogenico, especialmente sobre a producao de forca muscular, desempenho aerobio e percepcao do esforco. E possivel, igualmente, que a ETCC possa ter efeitos favoraveis sobre o dispendio energetico apos exercicio fisico e com o controle da pressao arterial. Descritores: Terapia por estimulacao eletrica; Neurotransmissores; Efeito melhoria do rendimento; Exercicio fisico; Saude. |
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ISSN: | 1983-2567 1983-2567 |
DOI: | 10.12957/rhupe.2013.8710 |