Effects of soluble fiber (Plantago ovatahusk) on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in men with ischemic heart disease2

• Published in: The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 85; no. 4; pp. 1157 - 1163
• Main Authors: Solà, Rosa, Godàs, Gemma, Ribalta, Josep, Vallvé, Joan-Carles, Girona, Josefa, Anguera, Anna, Ostos, MaAdoración, Recalde, Delia, Salazar, Juliana, Caslake, Muriel, Martín-Luján, Francisco, Salas-Salvadó, Jordi, Masana, Lluís
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01-04-2007
• Subjects: apo A-IV gene; apo E gene; blood lipids; Dietary fiber; FABP2 gene; low saturated fat; Plantago ovata(Ispaghula husk); polymorphism; psyllium; secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease; Plantago ovata(Ispaghula husk); secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease; psyllium; low saturated fat; FABP2 gene; apo A-IV gene; polymorphism; Dietary fiber; blood lipids; apo E gene
• ISSN: 0002-9165; 1938-3207
• DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/85.4.1157

Background:New dietary strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk include the addition of fiber to the diet. The effect of soluble-fiber consumption derived from Plantago ovatahusk on lipid risk factors in patients with CVD is unknown.
Objective:We compared the effects of soluble fiber (P. ovatahusk) with those of insoluble fiber (P. ovataseeds) on plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein (apo) concentrations within a CVD secondary prevention program.
Design:In a randomized, crossover, controlled, single-blind design, 28 men with CVD (myocardial infarction or stable angina) and an LDL-cholesterol concentration ≤3.35 mmol/L consumed for 8 wk, under controlled conditions, a low-saturated-fat diet supplemented with 10.5 g P. ovatahusk/d or 10.5 g P. ovataseeds/d. Fasting plasma lipid concentrations and polymorphisms of genes involved in lipid metabolism, such as apo A-IV, apo E, and fatty acid–binding protein, were measured.
Results:Plasma triacylglycerol decreased (6.7%; P< 0.02), the ratio of apo B 100 to apo A-I decreased (4.7%; P< 0.02), and apo A-I increased (4.3%; P< 0.01) in the P. ovatahusk consumers. Compared with the intake of insoluble fiber, the intake of P. ovatahusk increased HDL-cholesterol concentrations by 6.7% (P= 0.006) and decreased the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol and of LDL to HDL cholesterol by 10.6% (P= 0.002) and 14.2% (P= 0.003), respectively.
Conclusion:In the secondary prevention of CVD, P. ovatahusk intake induces a more beneficial effect on the cardiovascular lipid risk-factor profile than does an equivalent intake of insoluble fiber.