Mycobiota in Traditional Grapes and Grape for Ice Wine Production Cultivated in Slovakia

• Published in: Lucrări științifice zootehnie şi biotehnologii Vol. 52; no. 1; p. 70
• Main Authors: Soňa Felšöciová, Miroslava Kačániová
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Agroprint Timisoara 01-09-2023
• Subjects: mycotoxin; penicillium; tlc method; wine grapes
• ISSN: 1841-9364; 1841-9364

From Small Carpathian wine-growing region were collected 3 samples of wine grapes (Alibernet, Blue Portugal and Rheinriesling) during harvesting 2016 and 2017 except one variety Alibernet, which was collected for production of ice wine at the beginning of December in 2016. The objectives of this study were to gain more knowledge about mycobiota on grapes originating from Slovakia, with a focus on genus Penicillium and its ability to produce mycotoxins in in vitro conditions by thin layer chromatography method. Direct plating of grapes on agar plates was used for analysis of surface mycobiota while surface sterilized grapes were used for endogenous mycobiota analysis. Of these samples were isolated 762 strains belonging to 14 genera of filamentous microscopic fungi and unidentified genus Mycelia sterilia. From variety Alibernet for ice wine production was isolated the most varied mycobiota (11 genera and Mycelia sterilia) in 2016. The most abundant genera were Cladosporium and Epicoccum. Penicillium and Botrytis were only found in this sample. Alternaria and Cladosporium were the most common genera in the surface and endogenous colonisation. Penicillium was the most frequently encountered moulds with the highest relative density from both mycobiota in 2017. During the survey only two Penicillium species were isolated: P. expansum and P. glabrum. Potentially toxigenic Penicillium expansum were tested for their toxigenic ability on patulin, citrinin and roquefortin C by thin layer chromatography method. Out of 67 tested isolates 60 produced at least one mycotoxin as revealed by the method used here.