Induction of osteogenesis in rabbit mandibular bone tissue using an albumin-based cryogenically structured porous 3D carrier loaded with a bioregulator

• Published in: Vestnik transplantologii i iskusstvennykh organov Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 56 - 63
• Main Authors: A. I. Shaikhaliev, M. S. Krasnov, E. V. Sidorsky, V. P. Yamskova, V. I. Lozinsky
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs named after V.I.Shumakov 01-04-2022
• Subjects: 3d technology; bioregulators; cryogels; osteoinduction
• ISSN: 1995-1191
• DOI: 10.15825/1995-1191-2022-1-56-63

Objective: to study the induction of osteogenesis caused by introducing into the defect area broadly porous cryogenically structured 3D carriers, based on serum albumin and loaded with a bioregulator isolated from bovine serum on an experimental model of mandible defect in rabbits in vivo.Materials and methods. Cryogenically structured sponges in the form of cylindrical specimens, 5 mm in diameter and 5 mm in height, prepared from bovine serum albumin, were used as the bioregulator carrier. The experimental laboratory animals were male Chinchilla rabbits, weighing 2–2.5 kg. Bone tissue was skeletonized under anesthesia (intramuscular anesthetic Zoletil 100) with a 3-cm incision in the angle of the mandible and a 5-mm-diameter cutter was used to create a 2–3-mm deep defect to install an appropriate-size albumin sponge. A total of 24 animals participated in the experiment. X-ray control of the defect area was performed in vivo on day 14 using PanExam+ (Kavo) device (20 m X-ray). Histological examination of tissues was carried out at day 30 after the defect using a light microscope.Results. Experiments performed indicate an active restoration of bone tissue in the extensive defect area when using an albumin-based 3D carrier with the inclusion of a bioregulator as compared to the control experiments. There were osteointegrative and osteoinductive processes, almost complete decomposition (biodegradation) of albumin sponge with formation of islands of dense bone tissue with small foci of coarse fibrous tissue in the defect. This demonstrated good dynamics of recovery processes at this stage of healing.Conclusion. Under the action of a serum bioregulator contained in an albumin-based sponge, the repair process leads to restoration of normal bone tissue without formation of bone callus and altered bone tissue different from the native one.