Behavior of genetic (co)variance components in populations simulated from non-additive genetic models of dominance and overdominance Comportamento dos componentes de (co)variância genética em populações simuladas a partir de modelos genéticos não-aditivos de dominância e sobredominância

The aim of this work was to investigate the short-term behavior of the genetic variability of quantitative traits simulated from models with additive and non-additive gene action in control and phenotypic selection populations. Both traits, one with low (h² = 0.10) and the other with high (h² = 0.60...

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Published in:Revista brasileira de zootecnia Vol. 39; no. 9; pp. 1952 - 1960
Main Authors: Elizângela Emídio Cunha, Ricardo Frederico Euclydes, Paulo Sávio Lopes, Robledo de Almeida Torres, Paulo Luiz Souza Carneiro
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia 01-09-2010
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Abstract The aim of this work was to investigate the short-term behavior of the genetic variability of quantitative traits simulated from models with additive and non-additive gene action in control and phenotypic selection populations. Both traits, one with low (h² = 0.10) and the other with high (h² = 0.60) heritability, were controlled by 600 biallelic loci. From a standard genome, it was obtained six genetic models which included the following: only the additive gene effects; complete and positive dominance for 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the loci; and positive overdominance for 50% of the loci. In the models with dominance deviation, the additive allelic effects were also included for 100% of the loci. Genetic variability was quantified from generation to generation using the genetic variance components. In the absence of selection, genotypic and additive genetic variances were higher. In the models with non-additive gene action, a small magnitude covariance component raised between the additive and dominance genetic effects whose correlation tended to be positive on the control population and negative under selection. Dominance variance increased as the number of loci with dominance deviation or the value of the deviation increased, implying on the increase in genotypic and additive genetic variances among the successive models.Objetivou-se estudar a variabilidade genética a curto prazo de características quantitativas simuladas a partir de modelos com ação gênica aditiva e não-aditiva em populações controle e de seleção fenotípica. As duas características, uma de baixa (h² = 0,10) e outra de alta (h² = 0,60) herdabilidade, foram controladas por 600 locos bialélicos. A partir de um genoma-padrão, foram obtidos seis modelos genéticos que incluíram: apenas efeitos aditivos dos genes; dominância completa e positiva para 25, 50, 75 e 100% dos locos; e sobredominância positiva para 50% dos locos. Nos modelos com desvio da dominância também foram incluídos os efeitos aditivos dos alelos para 100% dos locos. A variabilidade genética foi quantificada de geração a geração por meio de componentes de variância genética. Na ausência de seleção, as variâncias genotípica e genética aditiva mantiveram-se mais elevadas. Nos modelos com ação gênica não-aditiva, surgiu um componente de covariância entre os efeitos genéticos aditivos e de dominância de pequena magnitude e cuja correlação tendeu a ser positiva na população controle e negativa sob seleção. A variância de dominância aumentou com o acréscimo no número de locos com desvio da dominância ou no valor do desvio, o que implicou aumento das variâncias genotípica e genética aditiva entre os sucessivos modelos.
AbstractList The aim of this work was to investigate the short-term behavior of the genetic variability of quantitative traits simulated from models with additive and non-additive gene action in control and phenotypic selection populations. Both traits, one with low (h² = 0.10) and the other with high (h² = 0.60) heritability, were controlled by 600 biallelic loci. From a standard genome, it was obtained six genetic models which included the following: only the additive gene effects; complete and positive dominance for 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the loci; and positive overdominance for 50% of the loci. In the models with dominance deviation, the additive allelic effects were also included for 100% of the loci. Genetic variability was quantified from generation to generation using the genetic variance components. In the absence of selection, genotypic and additive genetic variances were higher. In the models with non-additive gene action, a small magnitude covariance component raised between the additive and dominance genetic effects whose correlation tended to be positive on the control population and negative under selection. Dominance variance increased as the number of loci with dominance deviation or the value of the deviation increased, implying on the increase in genotypic and additive genetic variances among the successive models.Objetivou-se estudar a variabilidade genética a curto prazo de características quantitativas simuladas a partir de modelos com ação gênica aditiva e não-aditiva em populações controle e de seleção fenotípica. As duas características, uma de baixa (h² = 0,10) e outra de alta (h² = 0,60) herdabilidade, foram controladas por 600 locos bialélicos. A partir de um genoma-padrão, foram obtidos seis modelos genéticos que incluíram: apenas efeitos aditivos dos genes; dominância completa e positiva para 25, 50, 75 e 100% dos locos; e sobredominância positiva para 50% dos locos. Nos modelos com desvio da dominância também foram incluídos os efeitos aditivos dos alelos para 100% dos locos. A variabilidade genética foi quantificada de geração a geração por meio de componentes de variância genética. Na ausência de seleção, as variâncias genotípica e genética aditiva mantiveram-se mais elevadas. Nos modelos com ação gênica não-aditiva, surgiu um componente de covariância entre os efeitos genéticos aditivos e de dominância de pequena magnitude e cuja correlação tendeu a ser positiva na população controle e negativa sob seleção. A variância de dominância aumentou com o acréscimo no número de locos com desvio da dominância ou no valor do desvio, o que implicou aumento das variâncias genotípica e genética aditiva entre os sucessivos modelos.
Author Paulo Luiz Souza Carneiro
Paulo Sávio Lopes
Elizângela Emídio Cunha
Ricardo Frederico Euclydes
Robledo de Almeida Torres
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Snippet The aim of this work was to investigate the short-term behavior of the genetic variability of quantitative traits simulated from models with additive and...
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StartPage 1952
SubjectTerms closed population
computer simulation
desvio da dominância
dominance deviation
genetic variability
interação intraloco
intralocus interaction
população fechada
simulação em computador
variabilidade genética
Title Behavior of genetic (co)variance components in populations simulated from non-additive genetic models of dominance and overdominance Comportamento dos componentes de (co)variância genética em populações simuladas a partir de modelos genéticos não-aditivos de dominância e sobredominância
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