Effect of early nutritional intervention in the a outcome of patients at risk clinical nutrition

• Published in: Nutrición hospitalaria : organo oficial de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral Vol. 29; no. 2; pp. 427 - 436
• Main Authors: Montoya Montoya, Susana, Múnera García, Nora Elena
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Spain 01-02-2014
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Length of Stay; Male; Malnutrition - diet therapy; Middle Aged; Nutrition Therapy - methods; Prognosis; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1699-5198
• DOI: 10.3305/nh.2014.29.2.7060

Hospital malnutrition is a multi-causal process and high prevalence. Nutritional intervention at an early stage improves prognosis of affected patients.
To compare the effect of early nutritional intervention with a routine care on clinical outcome in patients with detected nutritional risk screening tool NRS Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, entering an institution of complex health.
A quasi-experimental study. Was assessed in the first 48 hours of admission to 891 patients, of whom 247 were at nutritional risk, 116 were the routine care group and 54 the intervention group. We evaluated complications, hospital stay, weight loss, change in body mass index and protein-calorie adequacy.
Patients undergoing caloric intake had higher (1617 ± 444.5 vs 1366 ± 467.1 kcal, p = 0.002) and protein (1.2 ± 0.2 vs 0.9 ± 0.3 g, p = 0.000), average weight gain of 0.7% vs a loss of 2.3% (p = 0.000), a proportion of moderate complications 8.2% vs 25.2% (p = 0.012) and decreased time hospital stay of 2.2 days (p = 0.138) compared with routine care group.
Early nutritional intervention in patients at nutritional risk decreased the proportion of moderate complications, improved the adequacy of energy, protein and nutritional evolution in terms of weight gain and change in BMI. The length of stay did not differ significantly.