Epidemiology of tegumentary leishmaniasis in São João, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

• Published in: Cadernos de saúde pública Vol. 22; no. 11; pp. 2319 - 2327
• Main Authors: Guerra, Jorge Augusto de Oliveira, Ribeiro, Jéfferson Augusto Santana, Coelho, Leíla Inês de Aguiar Raposo da Camara, Barbosa, Maria das Graças Vale, Paes, Marcilene Gomes
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Brazil 01-11-2006
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Brazil - epidemiology; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Reservoirs; Female; Humans; Infant; Insect Vectors; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - epidemiology; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - parasitology; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - prevention & control; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Psychodidae; Brazil
• ISSN: 0102-311X

In Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil, the degree of individual exposure to leishmaniasis is related to disorganized land occupation. In order to evaluate predisposing factors for an outbreak, confirm the parasitological diagnosis, treat patients, and assess etiological agents, reservoirs, and vectors, a 12-month study was conducted in Manaus in a community located along the BR-174 federal highway. Some 451 individuals were studied, among whom 17 cases of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) were diagnosed (six women and 11 men). Age varied from one to 64 years. Eleven patients had from one to three lesions. As for reservoirs, three opossums were captured. No hemoflagellates were found in the blood tests. Lutzomyia umbratilis was the predominant vector species captured. Many ATL patients were engaged in activities that exposed them to Leishmania vectors. Some patients may have been infected in the household and peridomiciliary environments. The epidemiological profile of ATL in this community is similar that of other foci in the region. This case series characterizes ATL as an endemic local public health problem.