Predictability of post-captopril acute renal failure in hypertension with renal artery stenosis of a single kidney or bilateral stenosis

• Published in: Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux Vol. 79; no. 6; p. 888
• Main Authors: Durand, D, Ader, J L, Lloveras, J J, Tran Van, T, Chamoiseau, S, Suc, J M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: French
• Published: France 01-06-1986
• Subjects: Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced; Captopril - adverse effects; Creatinine - blood; Humans; Hypertension, Renovascular - drug therapy; Hypertension, Renovascular - pathology; Hypertension, Renovascular - physiopathology; Kidney - physiopathology; Renal Artery - pathology; Renin-Angiotensin System
• ISSN: 0003-9683

Use of converting-enzyme inhibitors in patients with hypertension and bilateral renal artery stenosis or renal artery stenosis in a single kidney may be complicated by acute renal failure (ARF). The aim of this work was to find a simple test to predict this accident. PAH clearance (CPAH), Inuline clearance (CIn) and Glomerular Filtration Fraction (GFF) were measured before and three hours after a single oral dose of Captopril (50 mg) in 7 hypertensive patients (sodium intake = 6 g/24 h). All these patients presented significant stenosis (greater than 60%) of the artery of a transplanted kidney (5), of a single kidney (1) or a bilateral renal artery stenosis (1). During the following three days, 50 mg captopril was given twice a day. ARF with creatinine serum level higher than 300 mumoles/l was seen in 4 patients (Group II); in 3 patients (Group I) creatinine serum level didn't change. Values measured before the single dose of captopril and variations after three hours are reported in the table: (Table: see text). Before captopril, in Group II CPAH and CIn are lower and GFF is higher, but these is not significant difference between the two groups. After Captopril CIn and GFF are significantly decreased in Group II (29.1 and 36.6% vs 7.8 and 10%). These results allow two conclusions: 1) Basal values of Glomerular Filtration Rate plasma flow and filtration fraction are not predictive parameters for acute renal failure after captopril therapy.