Harms and benefits of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors are oral glucose-lowering drugs that increase the urinary excretion of glucose. In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease they reduce all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, rates of hospitalisation for heart failure and the progression of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Australian prescriber Vol. 43; no. 5; pp. 168 - 171
Main Authors:	Chesterman, Thomas, Thynne, Tilenka Rj
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Australia Therapeutic Guidelines Limited 01-10-2020 NPS MedicineWise
Subjects:	Amputation Diabetes Diabetic ketoacidosis Drug dosages Ejection fraction Fractures Gangrene Glucose Heart failure Insulin resistance Kidney diseases Meta-analysis Patients Pharmaceuticals Urinary tract diseases Urinary tract infections Urogenital system empagliflozin ertugliflozin diabetes dapagliflozin canagliflozin
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Summary:	Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors are oral glucose-lowering drugs that increase the urinary excretion of glucose. In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease they reduce all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, rates of hospitalisation for heart failure and the progression of renal disease. There are adverse effects related to the mechanism of action. These include polyuria and intravascular volume depletion from osmotic diuresis, and genitourinary infections from glycosuria. Ketoacidosis is a rare adverse effect. The glucose-lowering efficacy of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors decreases with increasing renal impairment.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:	0312-8008 1839-3942
DOI:	10.18773/austprescr.2020.049