Is socioeconomic residential segregation associated with sleep problems? Insights from ELSA-Brasil

• Published in: Cadernos de saúde pública Vol. 40; no. 7; p. e00111323
• Main Authors: Shigaki, Leonardo, Cardoso, Letícia de Oliveira, Silva-Costa, Aline, Barreto, Sandhi Maria, Giatti, Luana, Fonseca, Maria de Jesus Mendes da, Griep, Rosane Harter
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Brazil 2024
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Brazil - epidemiology; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Residence Characteristics; Residential Segregation; Risk Factors; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - epidemiology; Sleep Wake Disorders - epidemiology; Social Segregation; Sociodemographic Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Brazil
• DOI: 10.1590/0102-311XPT111323
• EISSN: 1678-4464

Several factors influence sleep, which is essential for health. While the role of neighborhood socioeconomic context on sleep health has been studied in recent years, results are inconsistent. The study aimed to investigate the association between socioeconomic residential segregation and sleep problems, using data from the second evaluation (2012-2014) of 9,918 public servants participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Socioeconomic residential segregation was assessed using the Getis-Ord Local Gi* statistic. Sleep duration and deprivation, complaints of insomnia, and daytime sleepiness were obtained through interviews. Binomial and multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR). Regarding sleep, 49% had short duration and 3% long duration, 23% reported complaints of insomnia, 45% sleep deprivation, 42% daytime sleepiness, and 48% reported ≥ 2 sleep problems. In the model adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic variables, there was an association between high socioeconomic residential segregation and short sleep duration (OR = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.07; 1.40), sleep deprivation (OR = 1.20; 95%CI: 1.05; 1.37), daytime sleepiness (OR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.03; 1.34) and ≥ 2 associated sleep problems (OR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.08; 1.41). Individuals living in neighborhoods with high socioeconomic residential segregation are more likely to have short sleep duration, sleep deprivation, daytime sleepiness, and ≥ 2 associated sleep problems. This information reinforces that public policy measures to reduce socioeconomic inequalities can improve the population's sleep health.