Epigenetically Upregulated T-Type Calcium Channels Contribute to Abnormal Proliferation of Embryonic Neural Progenitor Cells Exposed to Valproic Acid

• Published in: Biomolecules & therapeutics Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 389 - 396
• Main Authors: Kim, Ji-Woon, Oh, Hyun Ah, Kim, Sung Rae, Ko, Mee Jung, Seung, Hana, Lee, Sung Hoon, Shin, Chan Young
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 한국응용약물학회 01-09-2020
• Subjects: Embryonic cortical brain; Epigenetic regulation; Neural progenitor cells; Proliferation; T-type calcium channels; Valproic acid; Neural progenitor cells; Epigenetic regulation; Proliferation; Valproic acid; T-type calcium channels; Embryonic cortical brain
• ISSN: 1976-9148; 2005-4483

Valproic acid is a clinically used mood stabilizer and antiepileptic drug. Valproic acid has been suggested as a teratogen associated with the manifestation of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as fetal valproate syndrome and autism spectrum disorders, when taken during specific time window of pregnancy. Previous studies proposed that prenatal exposure to valproic acid induces abnormal proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells, presumably by inhibiting histone deacetylase and releasing the condensed chromatin structure. Here, we found valproic acid up-regulates the transcription of T-type calcium channels by inhibiting histone deacetylase in neural progenitor cells. The pharmacological blockade of T-type calcium channels prevented the increased proliferation of neural progenitor cells induced by valproic acid. Differentiated neural cells from neural progenitor cells treated with valproic acid displayed increased levels of calcium influx in response to potassium chloride-induced depolarization. These results suggest that prenatal exposure to valproic acid up-regulates T-type calcium channels, which may contribute to increased proliferation of neural progenitor cells by inducing an abnormal calcium response and underlie the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders.