Constituents of the Stem Bark of ITrichilia monadelpha/I and Their Antibacterial and Antiplasmodial Activities

• Published in: Metabolites Vol. 13; no. 2
• Main Authors: Djoumessi, Arnauld Kenfack, Nono, Raymond Ngansop, Neumann, Beate, Stammler, Hans-Georg, Bitchagno, Gabin Thierry Mbahbou, Efange, Noella Molisa, Nkenfou, Celine Nguefeu, Ayong, Lawrence, Lenta, Bruno Ndjakou, Sewald, Norbert, Nkeng-Efouet-Alango, Pépin, Chouna, Jean Rodolphe
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 01-02-2023
• Subjects: Antibacterial agents; Bark; Chemical properties; Chemical research; Health aspects; Identification and classification; Phytochemicals; Cameroon
• ISSN: 2218-1989; 2218-1989
• DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020298

The chemical investigation of the EtOH extract from the stem bark of Trichilia monadelpha (Thonn.) J. J. De Wilde afforded two new limonoids (1 and 2): 24-acetoxy-21,25-dihydroxy-21,23-epoxytirucall-7-en-3-one (1) and (6R)-1-O-deacetylkhayanolide E (2), together with eleven known compounds (3–13), including additional limonoids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and fatty acid. Their structures were determined using 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments, ESI mass spectrometry, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The antibacterial and antiplasmodial activities of the extracts, sub-extracts, fractions, and some of the isolated compounds were evaluated in known pathogenic strains, including Staphylococcus aureus and Plasmodium falciparum. Fraction E (n-Hex/EtOAc 30:70, v/v) showed significant activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 with a MIC value of 3.90 µg/mL, while one of its constituents (epicatechin (9)) exhibited significant activity with MIC values of 7.80 µg/mL. Interestingly, grandifotane A (6) (IC[sub.50] = 1.37 µM) and khayanolide D (5) (IC[sub.50] = 1.68 µM) were highly active against the chloroquine-sensitive/sulfadoxine-resistant plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain, unlike their corresponding plant extract and fractions.