Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) Accumulation by Pyridoxamine Modulates Glomerular and Mesangial Cell Estrogen Receptor [alpha] Expression in Aged Female Mice

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 11; no. 7
• Main Authors: Pereira-Simon, Simone, Rubio, Gustavo A, Xia, Xiaomei, Cai, Weijing, Choi, Rhea, Striker, Gary E, Elliot, Sharon J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Public Library of Science 18-07-2016
• Subjects: Advanced glycation end products; Estrogen receptors; Kidney; Oxidative stress; Physiological aspects; Transforming growth factors; United States
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159666

Age-related increases in oxidant stress (OS) play a role in regulation of estrogen receptor (ER) expression in the kidneys. In this study, we establish that in vivo 17[beta]-estradiol (E.sub.2) replacement can no longer upregulate glomerular ER expression by 21 months of age in female mice (anestrous). We hypothesized that advanced glycation end product (AGE) accumulation, an important source of oxidant stress, contributes to these glomerular ER expression alterations. We treated 19-month old ovariectomized female mice with pyridoxamine (Pyr), a potent AGE inhibitor, in the presence or absence of E.sub.2 replacement. Glomerular ER[alpha] mRNA expression was upregulated in mice treated with both Pyr and E.sub.2 replacement and TGF[beta] mRNA expression decreased compared to controls. Histological sections of kidneys demonstrated decreased type IV collagen deposition in mice receiving Pyr and E.sub.2 compared to placebo control mice. In addition, anti-AGE defenses Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and advanced glycation receptor 1 (AGER1) were also upregulated in glomeruli following treatment with Pyr and E.sub.2 . Mesangial cells isolated from all groups of mice demonstrated similar ER[alpha], SIRT1, and AGER1 expression changes to those of whole glomeruli. To demonstrate that AGE accumulation contributes to the observed age-related changes in the glomeruli of aged female mice, we treated mesangial cells from young female mice with AGE-BSA and found similar downregulation of ER[alpha], SIRT1, and AGER1 expression. These results suggest that inhibition of intracellular AGE accumulation with pyridoxamine may protect glomeruli against age-related oxidant stress by preventing an increase of TGF[beta] production and by regulation of the estrogen receptor.