Ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics of dry matter and fiber in growing steers for common crabgrass forages sampled on seven dates in northern Arkansas

• Published in: Journal of animal science Vol. 83; no. 5; pp. 1142 - 1152
• Main Authors: Ogden, R. K, Coblentz, W. K, Coffey, K. P, Turner, J. E, Scarbrough, D. A, Jennings, J. A, Richardson, M. D
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Savoy, IL Am Soc Animal Sci 01-05-2005; American Society of Animal Science
• Subjects: alfalfa; Angus; Animal productions; Animals; Arkansas; Biological and medical sciences; Brangus; Cattle - metabolism; cattle feeding; crossbreds; Cynodon - metabolism; Cynodon dactylon; Dactylis - metabolism; Dactylis glomerata; dietary fiber; Dietary Fiber - analysis; Dietary Proteins - analysis; digestibility; Digitaria - chemistry; Digitaria - metabolism; Digitaria ciliaris; Feed and pet food industries; Food industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gelbvieh; hay; Kinetics; leaves; Male; Medicago sativa - metabolism; neutral detergent fiber; Nutritive Value; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Plant Stems - chemistry; Random Allocation; Rumen - metabolism; rumen fermentation; steers; stems; Terrestrial animal productions; Time Factors; Vertebrates; Arkansas; United States; North America; America; Crabgrass; Bovine; In situ; Fiber; Fodder; Dry matter; Ox; Alfalfa; In Situ Disappearance Kinetics; Date; Orchardgrass; Vertebrata; Meat animals; Mammalia; Artiodactyla; Kinetics; Bermudagrass; Ungulata
• ISSN: 0021-8812; 1525-3163
• DOI: 10.2527/2005.8351142x

Southern crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris [Retz.] Koel.) is often viewed as an undesirable weed, largely because it encroaches upon field and forage crops, gardens, and lawns. However, visual observations of livestock grazing mixed-species pastures suggest that cattle seem to prefer crabgrass to many other summer forages. The objectives of this study were to assess the nutritive value of crabgrass sampled weekly between July 11, and August 22, 2001, and then to determine ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics of DM and NDF for these crabgrass forages. A secondary objective was to compare these kinetic estimates with those of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.), and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) control hays. All forages were evaluated in situ using five (383 ± 22.7 kg) ruminally cannulated crossbred (Gelbvieh x Angus x Brangus) steers. Whole-plant crabgrass exhibited more rapid (P </= 0.002) ruminal disappearance rates of DM (overall range = 0.069 to 0.084 h⁻¹) than did bermudagrass (0.054 h⁻¹) and orchardgrass (0.060 h⁻¹) hays, but disappearance rates were slower (P <0.001) for crabgrass than for alfalfa hay (0.143 h⁻¹). Effective ruminal disappearance of DM was greater (P <0.001) for crabgrass (overall range = 69.3 to 75.4%) than for all the control hays. Similarly, disappearance rates of NDF for crabgrass (overall range = 0.069 to 0.086 h⁻¹) were more rapid (P <0.001) than observed for bermudagrass and orchardgrass hays; however, NDF in alfalfa disappeared at a faster (P <0.001) rate (0.107 h⁻¹) than crabgrass. These results indicate that crabgrass offers greater effective ruminal degradability of DM and NDF than orchardgrass or alfalfa of moderate quality. More importantly, it potentially offers faster and more extensive ruminal disappearance than perennial warm-season grasses typically found throughout the southeastern United States, and it should likely support improved performance by ruminant livestock in this region.