Effect of a Triterpenoid-Rich Olive Oil on Chronic Kidney Disease in an Experimental Model of Diabetes Mellitus

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 16; no. 16; p. 2794
• Main Authors: De La Cruz, José Pedro, Osuna-Esteban, Laura, Rodríguez-Pérez, María Dolores, Ortega-Hombrados, Laura, Sánchez-Tévar, Ana María, Martín-Aurioles, Esther, Fernández-Prior, María África, Pérez-Burillo, Sergio, Espejo-Calvo, Juan Antonio, González-Correa, José Antonio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 21-08-2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Animals; Biomarkers; Cell growth; Creatinine - blood; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy; Diabetic Nephropathies - drug therapy; Diabetic nephropathy; Disease Models, Animal; Fatty acids; Free radicals; Growth factors; Hyperglycemia; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney - metabolism; Kidney diseases; Kinases; Laboratory animals; Male; Morphology; nephropathy; Olive oil; Olive Oil - chemistry; Olive Oil - pharmacology; Olives; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Polyphenols; prostacyclin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - drug therapy; Triterpenes - pharmacology; triterpenoids; United States > US; Madrid Spain; Spain; nephropathy; olive oil; prostacyclin; diabetes; triterpenoids; oxidative stress
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu16162794

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of triterpenoids on the development of diabetic nephropathy in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus. For this purpose, a destoned and dehydrated olive oil (DDOO) was used, comparing its effects to a destoned olive oil (DOO). DDOO had a higher triterpenoid content than DOO but an equal content of alcoholic polyphenols. Four study groups (
= 10 animals/group) were formed: healthy rats, diabetic control rats (DRs), and DRs treated orally with 0.5 mL/kg/day of DOO or DDOO for two months. DRs showed impaired renal function (proteinuria, increased serum creatinine, decreased renal creatinine clearance) and morphology (glomerular volume and glomerulosclerosis). These alterations correlated with increased systemic and renal tissue oxidative stress and decreased prostacyclin production. DDOO administration significantly reduced all variables of renal damage, as well as systemic and renal oxidative stress, to a greater extent than the effect produced by DOO. In conclusion, triterpenoid-rich olive oil may prevent kidney damage in experimental diabetes mellitus.