Incidence of mortality and risk factors among adult stroke patients in public hospitals Jigjiga town Somali region, Ethiopia: Cohort study design

• Published in: SAGE open medicine Vol. 12; p. 20503121241258147
• Main Authors: Ibrahim, Ahmed Mohammed, Abdi, Abdirasak Abdulahi, Yusuf, Ramadan Budul, Osman, Mohamed Omar, Muse, Abdilahi Ibrahim, Wadajo, Girma Tadesse, Hailu, Afework, Roble, Abdurahman Kedir, Issack, Mohamed Ali, Mahamed, Ali Ahmed
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England SAGE Publications 01-01-2024; SAGE Publishing
• Subjects: Original; Jigjiga Public Hospitals; Stroke; incidence of mortality; risk factors; Ethiopia
• ISSN: 2050-3121; 2050-3121
• DOI: 10.1177/20503121241258147

A stroke is a sudden loss of blood supply to the brain, leading to permanent tissue damage caused by embolism, thrombosis, or hemorrhagic events. Almost 85% of strokes are ischemic strokes.
To assess the incidence of mortality and risk factors among adult stroke patients in public hospitals of Jigjiga town, Somali Region, Ethiopia.
An institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted from 25 May to 15 June 2022 at Sheikh Hassen Yabare Referral Hospital and Karamara Hospital. Data were entered using Epi-Data version 4.3 and exported to be analyzed using SPSS 20 statistical software. Kaplan-Meier was used to estimate mean survival time, and a predictor with a
-value < 0.05 was considered to have a significant in multivariate Cox regression.
About 480 stroke patients' charts were included in this study; among those, 229 (53.3%) were male stroke patients, and 259 (60.2%) had an ischemic stroke. The overall incidence rate was 7.15 deaths per 1000 person-day observations. The overall median survival time for adult stroke patients was 120 days. GCS level b/n 3-8 has a lower survival time with a mean survival time of 57 days (95% CI: 48.8-66.7) as compared to those who had GCS level 9-12 with a mean survival time of 103 days (95% CI: 93.4-112.9). Age ⩾ 71 (AHR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.02-3.45), presence of pneumonia (AHR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.52-4.63), and history of hypertension (AHR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.08-3.89) were the predictors of mortality among stroke patients.
According to the findings of this study, the incidence of mortality was high, at 7.15 per 1000 person-years. The presence of pneumonia, decreased GCS, age ⩾ 7, and history of hypertension were predictors of mortality in adult stroke patients.