Complex chromosome damages in patients with recurrent acute leukemias after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations

• Published in: Terapevtic̆eskii arhiv Vol. 84; no. 8; pp. 61 - 66
• Main Authors: Gindina, T L, Mamaev, N N, Barkhatov, I M, Solomonova, I S, Semenova, E V, Zubarovskaia, L S, Morozova, E V, Rudnitskaia, Iu V, Popova, M A, Alekseev, S M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Russia (Federation) "Consilium Medicum" Publishing house 01-01-2012
• Subjects: Acute Disease - therapy; acute leukemias; Adolescent; Adult; allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Chromosome Aberrations; complex chromosome rearrangements; Female; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects; Humans; Leukemia - genetics; Leukemia - therapy; Leukemia, Lymphoid - genetics; Leukemia, Lymphoid - therapy; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; post-transplant recurrences; Transplantation, Homologous - adverse effects; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0040-3660; 2309-5342

To study the pattern of complex chromosome damages (CCD) in acute leukemias (AL) and their place in the development of post-transplant recurrences (PTR) of AL.
Cytogenetic and partially molecular biological studies of bone marrow cells were conducted in 10 patients with PTR. Of them, 6 patients were diagnosed as having acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), including T-ALL and Ph-positive ALL in 2 and 4 patients, respectively; and 4 patients had acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL), including one case secondarily induced by previous polychemotherapy (PCT) and irradiation. The standard G-band staining technique complemented by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization in one of the cases was used.
It was shown that CCD had the similar pattern in 4 patients before transplantation and in PTR, progressed in 4 more patients, was absent or unnoticed in the early stage of the disease. The other recurrent chromosomal abnormalities that are worthy of notice are as follows: a) the presence of two Ph chromosomes in the cells of two of the 4 patients with Ph+ ALL; b) the frequent involvement of chromosome pairs 9, 19, 5, and 7 into the numerical and structural rearrangements.
The important feature of PTR of AL is cellular CCDs, a portion of which is clearly related to previous PCT and may be of pathogenetic value for the development of recurrences.