Extracción de electrodos de dispositivos cardíacos abandonados: desatando el nudo Gordiano, o extrayéndolo

Wire leads are considered the weakest link of intracardiac devices. The removal of those which were chronically implanted is always a difficult procedure. Such procedure is performed with a near to 100% effectiveness in centers having devices for percutaneous extraction, but when there is no such te...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:CorSalud Vol. 8; no. 4; pp. 259 - 264
Main Authors: Nápoles Lizano, Mario E, Machado Rodríguez, Lisset C, del Sol Berriel, Rolando, López de la Cruz, Yoandy, Pérez Machado, Laura B, Quintero Fleites, Yolepsis F
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Spanish
Published: Cardiocentro Ernesto Che Guevara 01-10-2016
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Summary:Wire leads are considered the weakest link of intracardiac devices. The removal of those which were chronically implanted is always a difficult procedure. Such procedure is performed with a near to 100% effectiveness in centers having devices for percutaneous extraction, but when there is no such technology, surgery –minor one or open heart with extracorporeal circulation– is often performed by the cardiovascular surgeon, who has to assume the leading role because of the risk of injury to cardiac structures. A patient with abandoned pacemaker leads is presented. The passage of the wire leads through the subaponeurotic space of the right hemithorax produced discomfort for years, and certain deformities of the chest wall, without the chance of being withdrawn in spite of multiple attempts. The particularities of this case outline the importance of not underestimating these kinds of surgeries, and performing adequate preoperative studies that allow the properly planning of surgical procedure. Los electrodos son considerados el eslabón más débil de los dispositivos intracardíacos. La extracción de los crónicamente implantados constituye siempre un procedimiento dificultoso. En centros que cuentan con dispositivos para su extracción percutánea, el procedimiento se realiza con una efectividad cercana al 100 %, pero cuando no existe esa tecnología, la cirugía –menor o a corazón abierto con circulación extracorpórea– es muchas veces realizada por el cirujano cardiovascular, quien tiene que asumir el protagonismo por el riesgo de lesión de estructuras cardíacas. Se presenta un paciente con electrodos de marcapaso abandonados, cuyo trayecto por un espacio subaponeurótico del hemitórax derecho produjo, durante años, malestar y ciertas deformidades de la pared torácica, sin que se pudieran retirar después de múltiples intentos. Las particularidades de este caso delinean la importancia de no subestimar estas cirugías y realizar adecuados estudios preoperatorios que permitan planificar convenientemente el procedimiento quirúrgico.
ISSN:2078-7170
2078-7170