Approche pragmatique pour une politique de plein emploi: les subventions à la création d'emplois
Le chômage qui sévit actuellement dans les pays industrialisés atteint un niveau inacceptable, suscite de graves problèmes humains et entraîne des coûts sociaux très lourds. On explique généralement la montée du chômage dans le monde par les chocs sévères qui ont affecté la production pendant les an...
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| Published in: | Recherches économiques de Louvain Vol. 51; no. 2; pp. 111 - 151 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English French |
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Louvain
Department des Sciences Economiques, Universite Catholique de Louvain
01-01-1985
Université catholique de Louvain |
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| Abstract | Le chômage qui sévit actuellement dans les pays industrialisés atteint un niveau inacceptable, suscite de graves problèmes humains et entraîne des coûts sociaux très lourds. On explique généralement la montée du chômage dans le monde par les chocs sévères qui ont affecté la production pendant les années 1970. Notamment la hausse des rémunérations réelles, la forte hausse des prix du pétrole et des autres matières premières et la distribution des revenus qui en est résultée au profit de pays à faible propension à dépenser, et par des réactions politiques inadéquates. La rigidité des économies industrielles, notamment de la Communauté européenne, rend difficile l’adaptation à un environnement nouveau et en continuelle évolution.
Les politiques budgétaires et monétaires expansionnistes sont souvent considérées comme inappropriées dans la situation actuelle parce que l’on craint qu’elles ne se répercutent davantage sur les prix que sur la production. On préconise dès lors des politiques de demande rigoureuses pour maîtriser l’inflation et susciter ainsi un environnement plus favorable à la croissance à moyen terme. |
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| AbstractList | Le chômage qui sévit actuellement dans les pays industrialisés atteint un niveau inacceptable, suscite de graves problèmes humains et entraîne des coûts sociaux très lourds. On explique généralement la montée du chômage dans le monde par les chocs sévères qui ont affecté la production pendant les années 1970. Notamment la hausse des rémunérations réelles, la forte hausse des prix du pétrole et des autres matières premières et la distribution des revenus qui en est résultée au profit de pays à faible propension à dépenser, et par des réactions politiques inadéquates. La rigidité des économies industrielles, notamment de la Communauté européenne, rend difficile l’adaptation à un environnement nouveau et en continuelle évolution.
Les politiques budgétaires et monétaires expansionnistes sont souvent considérées comme inappropriées dans la situation actuelle parce que l’on craint qu’elles ne se répercutent davantage sur les prix que sur la production. On préconise dès lors des politiques de demande rigoureuses pour maîtriser l’inflation et susciter ainsi un environnement plus favorable à la croissance à moyen terme. |
| Author | STEINHERR, Alfred VAN HAEPEREN, Béatrice |
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| Cites_doi | 10.2307/1924584 10.1086/260667 10.1111/j.1467-8543.1979.tb00639.x 10.2307/3439010 10.2307/2097957 10.1086/260726 10.2307/1923910 10.2307/2231655 10.1086/258733 |
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| DOI | 10.1017/S077045180008249X |
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| References | Saltwedel (S077045180008249X_ref034) 1982 Kaldor (S077045180008249X_ref018) 1976; 44 Pindyck (S077045180008249X_ref029) 1979 Holmlund (S077045180008249X_ref016) 1978 Malinvaud (S077045180008249X_ref023) 1980 Schwanse (S077045180008249X_ref033) 1982 S077045180008249X_ref032 S077045180008249X_ref031 Perloff (S077045180008249X_ref026) 1979 Phlips (S077045180008249X_ref028) 1978 S077045180008249X_ref017 Deakin (S077045180008249X_ref009) 1982 S077045180008249X_ref008 Sachs (S077045180008249X_ref030) 1979; 2 Steinherr (S077045180008249X_ref035) 1978; 44 Artus (S077045180008249X_ref001) 1981; 44 Bishop (S077045180008249X_ref005) 1978 Hammermesh (S077045180008249X_ref014) 1971 Geary (S077045180008249X_ref012) 1972 Griffins (S077045180008249X_ref013) 1976 S077045180008249X_ref021 Dreze (S077045180008249X_ref010) 1979; 45 S077045180008249X_ref020 S077045180008249X_ref022 S077045180008249X_ref025 S077045180008249X_ref003 Borts (S077045180008249X_ref006) 1966 S077045180008249X_ref002 S077045180008249X_ref007 Hammermesh (S077045180008249X_ref015) 1978 Frisch (S077045180008249X_ref011) 1949 Bishop (S077045180008249X_ref004) 1979 Perloff (S077045180008249X_ref027) 1982 Kesselman (S077045180008249X_ref019) 1967; 67 Nadiri (S077045180008249X_ref024) 1969; 59 |
| References_xml | – volume: 44 year: 1976 ident: S077045180008249X_ref018 article-title: Wage Subsidies as a Remedy for Unemployment publication-title: Journal of Political Economy contributor: fullname: Kaldor – ident: S077045180008249X_ref007 – volume: 2 year: 1979 ident: S077045180008249X_ref030 article-title: Wages, Profits, and Macroeconomic Adjustment: A Comparative Study publication-title: Brookings Papers on Economic Activity contributor: fullname: Sachs – year: 1978 ident: S077045180008249X_ref015 publication-title: Subsidies for Jobs in the Private Sector, in Creating Jobs contributor: fullname: Hammermesh – year: 1982 ident: S077045180008249X_ref033 article-title: European Experience publication-title: Creating Jobs contributor: fullname: Schwanse – year: 1979 ident: S077045180008249X_ref029 article-title: Interfuel Substitution and the Industrial Demand for Energy: An International Comparison publication-title: Review of Economic Studies doi: 10.2307/1924584 contributor: fullname: Pindyck – year: 1971 ident: S077045180008249X_ref014 article-title: Lexington publication-title: Economic Aspects of Manpower Training Programs contributor: fullname: Hammermesh – ident: S077045180008249X_ref025 doi: 10.1086/260667 – volume: 67 year: 1967 ident: S077045180008249X_ref019 article-title: Tax Credits for Employment Rather Than Investment publication-title: The American Economic Review contributor: fullname: Kesselman – ident: S077045180008249X_ref021 doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8543.1979.tb00639.x – ident: S077045180008249X_ref022 doi: 10.2307/3439010 – year: 1949 ident: S077045180008249X_ref011 article-title: U.N. Economic and Employment Commission publication-title: Price- Wage-Tax Subsidy Policies as Instruments in Maintaining Optimal Employment contributor: fullname: Frisch – ident: S077045180008249X_ref017 – volume-title: Effects of the Temporary Employment Subsidy year: 1982 ident: S077045180008249X_ref009 contributor: fullname: Deakin – year: 1976 ident: S077045180008249X_ref013 article-title: An Intercountry Translog Model of Energy Substitution Responses publication-title: American Economic Review contributor: fullname: Griffins – year: 1979 ident: S077045180008249X_ref004 article-title: Selective Employment Subsidies: Can Okun’s Law be Repealed? publication-title: American Economic Review contributor: fullname: Bishop – volume: 59 year: 1969 ident: S077045180008249X_ref024 article-title: Interrelated Factor Demand Functions publication-title: American Economic Review contributor: fullname: Nadiri – year: 1982 ident: S077045180008249X_ref034 article-title: La Réduction du Temps de Travail — Une Solution aux Problèmes Economiques des Années 80? publication-title: Institut für Weltwirtschaft, Kiel, Working Paper 161 contributor: fullname: Saltwedel – ident: S077045180008249X_ref032 doi: 10.2307/2097957 – ident: S077045180008249X_ref031 doi: 10.1086/260726 – volume: 44 year: 1978 ident: S077045180008249X_ref035 article-title: Une Proposition d’indexation de Salaire Propice à une Politique de Distribution des Revenus publication-title: Recherches Economiques de Louvain contributor: fullname: Steinherr – ident: S077045180008249X_ref008 – year: 1966 ident: S077045180008249X_ref006 article-title: Criteria for the Evaluation of Regional Development Programs, in W.Z. Hirsch publication-title: Regional Accounts for Policy Decisions contributor: fullname: Borts – year: 1972 ident: S077045180008249X_ref012 article-title: The Employment-Real Wage Relationship: An International Study publication-title: Journal of Political Economy contributor: fullname: Geary – year: 1978 ident: S077045180008249X_ref028 article-title: Selective Manpower Policies in Germany with Special Reference to Wage Cost Subsidies publication-title: National Commission for Manpower Policy contributor: fullname: Phlips – year: 1979 ident: S077045180008249X_ref026 article-title: The New Jobs Tax Credit, An Evaluation of the 1977–1978 Wage Subsidy Program publication-title: American Economic Review contributor: fullname: Perloff – year: 1978 ident: S077045180008249X_ref005 article-title: Targeted Wage Subsidies: Their Rationale and Effectiveness, in G. Eliasson and V. Södersten publication-title: Business Taxation, Finance, and Firm Behaviour contributor: fullname: Bishop – volume: 44 year: 1981 ident: S077045180008249X_ref001 article-title: Fonction de Production avec Facteur Energie: Estimation pour les Grands Pays de l’OCDE publication-title: Annales de l’INSEE contributor: fullname: Artus – year: 1978 ident: S077045180008249X_ref016 article-title: Employment Subsidies and the Behavior of the firm publication-title: Business Taxation, Finance, and Firm Behavior contributor: fullname: Holmlund – volume: 45 year: 1979 ident: S077045180008249X_ref010 article-title: Salaires, Emploi et Durée du Travail publication-title: Recherches Economiques de Louvain contributor: fullname: Dreze – ident: S077045180008249X_ref002 doi: 10.2307/1923910 – year: 1982 ident: S077045180008249X_ref027 article-title: Micro- and Macroeconomic Effects publication-title: Creating Jobs contributor: fullname: Perloff – volume-title: Réexamen de la Théorie du Chômage year: 1980 ident: S077045180008249X_ref023 contributor: fullname: Malinvaud – ident: S077045180008249X_ref020 doi: 10.2307/2231655 – ident: S077045180008249X_ref003 doi: 10.1086/258733 |
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| Title | Approche pragmatique pour une politique de plein emploi: les subventions à la création d'emplois |
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