Prevalence and etiology of mastitis in dairy cattle in El Oro Province, Ecuador

• Published in: Journal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 80; no. 6; pp. 861 - 868
• Main Authors: AMER, Said, GÁLVEZ, Fernando Lenin Aguilar, FUKUDA, Yasuhiro, TADA, Chika, JIMENEZ, Ivan Ludeña, VALLE, Wunster Favian Maza, NAKAI, Yutaka
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 2018; Japan Science and Technology Agency; The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science
• Subjects: Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Antibiotics; Bacillus; Bacillus spp; Bacteriology; Bovidae; California mastitis test; Cattle; Cefotaxime; Central nervous system; Coagulase; Coliforms; Contamination; Dairy cattle; Dairy farms; Ecuador; Enrofloxacin; Etiology; Farms; Food contamination; Gentamicin; Klebsiella; Mastitis; Microbiological analysis; Milk; Multidrug resistance; Neomycin; staphylococci; streptococci; Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim; Udder; Ecuador; staphylococci; Ecuador; mastitis; Bacillus spp; streptococci
• ISSN: 0916-7250; 1347-7439
• DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0504

This study described the occurrence of clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis in 250 cattle from 5 dairy farms around the cities of Santa Rosa and Machala, El Oro Province, Ecuador. Clinical mastitis (CM) was determined based on obvious changes in milk (mild), signs of inflammation in the udder (moderate), and/or generalized clinical symptoms (severe). Subclinical mastitis (SCM) was assessed using the California mastitis test. CM and SCM were detected in 30 (12.0%) and 150 (60%) of the 250 tested cattle, respectively. Prevalence at the udder quarter level was 57.7% (577/1,000), which was higher among forequarters (369/577; 63.9%) than hindquarters. Of the 577 mastitic milk samples subjected to microbiological analysis, 35 were excluded due to contamination and 20 tested negative. Identification of bacterial isolates revealed that 33.3% of the 93 CM samples contained coliforms, 25.8% coagulase-positive staphylococci, 20.4% coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), 9.7% streptococci, 7.5% Bacillus spp., and 3.2% Klebsiella spp. Bacterial profiling of the 429 SCM milk samples showed that 55.4% contained CNS, 22.1% Bacillus spp., 9.3% streptococci, and 6.1% coagulase-positive staphylococci. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of the obtained isolates indicated that all were susceptible to amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, gentamicin, and neomycin. No multidrug-resistant strains were observed.