Mortality from Congenital Heart Disease in Mexico: A Problem on the Rise

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 11; no. 3; p. e0150422
• Main Authors: Torres-Cosme, José Luis, Rolón-Porras, Constanza, Aguinaga-Ríos, Mónica, Acosta-Granado, Pedro Manuel, Reyes-Muñoz, Enrique, Murguía-Peniche, Teresa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 03-03-2016; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Age; Analysis; Biology and Life Sciences; Birth; Births; Cardiology; Cardiovascular disease; Cause of Death - trends; Children; Congenital anomalies; Congenital defects; Congenital diseases; Congenital heart defects; Coronary artery disease; Death; Defects; Demographics; Earth Sciences; Fatalities; Female; Genetic disorders; Growth rate; Gynecology; Health aspects; Heart; Heart Defects, Congenital - epidemiology; Heart Defects, Congenital - mortality; Heart diseases; Home Childbirth - statistics & numerical data; Hospital Mortality - trends; Hospitals, Public - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Infant; Infant mortality; Infant Mortality - trends; Infant, Newborn; Infants; International comparisons; Male; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mexico - epidemiology; Mortality; Obstetrics; Pediatrics; People and Places; Population studies; Public health; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Rural areas; Rural Population; Sex Factors; Sociodemographics; Socioeconomic Factors; Surgeons; Systematic review; Trends; Ultrasonic imaging; Urban Population; Mexico; United States > US; Baja California Mexico
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150422

Temporal trends in mortality from congenital heart disease (CHD) vary among regions. It is therefore necessary to study this problem in each country. In Mexico, congenital anomalies were responsible for 24% of infant mortality in 2013 and CHD represented 55% of total deaths from congenital anomalies among children under 1 year of age. The objectives of this study were to analyze the trends in infant mortality from CHD in Mexico (1998 to 2013), its specific causes, age at death and associated socio-demographic factors.
Population-based study which calculated the compounded annual growth rate of death rom CHD between 1998 and 2013. Specific causes, age at which death from CHD occurred and risk factors associated with mortality were analyzed for the year 2013.
Infant mortality from CHD increased 24.8% from 1998 to 2013 (114.4 to 146.4/ 100,000 live births). A total of 3,593 CHD deaths occurred in 2013; the main causes were CHD with left-to-right shunt (n = 487; 19.8/100,000 live births) and cyanotic heart disease (n = 410; 16.7/100,000). A total of 1,049 (29.2%) deaths from CHD occurred during the first week of life. Risk factors associated with mortality from CHD were, in order of magnitude: non-institutional birth, rural area, birth in a public hospital and male sex.
Mortality from CHD has increased in Mexico. The main causes were CHD with left-to-right shunt, which are not necessarily fatal if treated promptly. Populations vulnerable to death from CHD were identified. Approximately one-third of the CHD occurred during the first week of life. It is important to promote early diagnosis, especially for non-institutional births.