Hardening by cooling rate control and post-firing heat treatment in Pd-Ag-Sn alloy for bonding porcelain
The aim of this study was to determine the hardening effect by controlling the cooling rate during the porcelain firing process and performing an additional post-firing heat treatment in a Pd-Ag-Sn alloy. The most effective cooling rate for alloy hardening was determined by cooling the specimens at...
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| Published in: | Dental Materials Journal Vol. 35; no. 2; pp. 309 - 315 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Japan
The Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices
2016
Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices |
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| Abstract | The aim of this study was to determine the hardening effect by controlling the cooling rate during the porcelain firing process and performing an additional post-firing heat treatment in a Pd-Ag-Sn alloy. The most effective cooling rate for alloy hardening was determined by cooling the specimens at various cooling rates after oxidation treatment. A subsequent porcelain firing simulation followed by cooling at the selected cooling rate was performed. A post-firing heat treatment was then done at 600°C in a porcelain furnace. The hardening mechanism was characterized by a hardness test, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Alloy softening occurred during the porcelain firing process followed by cooling at a controlled cooling rate. A post-firing heat treatment allowed apparent precipitation hardening. It is advisable to perform a postfiring heat treatment at 600°C in a porcelain furnace by annealing metal substructure after porcelain fusing. |
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| AbstractList | The aim of this study was to determine the hardening effect by controlling the cooling rate during the porcelain firing process and performing an additional post-firing heat treatment in a Pd-Ag-Sn alloy. The most effective cooling rate for alloy hardening was determined by cooling the specimens at various cooling rates after oxidation treatment. A subsequent porcelain firing simulation followed by cooling at the selected cooling rate was performed. A post-firing heat treatment was then done at 600°C in a porcelain furnace. The hardening mechanism was characterized by a hardness test, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Alloy softening occurred during the porcelain firing process followed by cooling at a controlled cooling rate. A post-firing heat treatment allowed apparent precipitation hardening. It is advisable to perform a postfiring heat treatment at 600°C in a porcelain furnace by annealing metal substructure after porcelain fusing. The aim of this study was to determine the hardening effect by controlling the cooling rate during the porcelain firing process and performing an additional post-firing heat treatment in a Pd-Ag-Sn alloy. The most effective cooling rate for alloy hardening was determined by cooling the specimens at various cooling rates after oxidation treatment. A subsequent porcelain firing simulation followed by cooling at the selected cooling rate was performed. A post-firing heat treatment was then done at 600 degree C in a porcelain furnace. The hardening mechanism was characterized by a hardness test, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Alloy softening occurred during the porcelain firing process followed by cooling at a controlled cooling rate. A post-firing heat treatment allowed apparent precipitation hardening. It is advisable to perform a postfiring heat treatment at 600 degree C in a porcelain furnace by annealing metal substructure after porcelain fusing. The aim of this study was to determine the hardening effect by controlling the cooling rate during the porcelain firing process and performing an additional post-firing heat treatment in a Pd-Ag-Sn alloy. The most effective cooling rate for alloy hardening was determined by cooling the specimens at various cooling rates after oxidation treatment. A subsequent porcelain firing simulation followed by cooling at the selected cooling rate was performed. A post-firing heat treatment was then done at 600℃ in a porcelain furnace. The hardening mechanism was characterized by a hardness test, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Alloy softening occurred during the porcelain firing process followed by cooling at a controlled cooling rate. A post-firing heat treatment allowed apparent precipitation hardening. It is advisable to perform a post-firing heat treatment at 600℃ in a porcelain furnace by annealing metal substructure after porcelain fusing. |
| Author | SEOL, Hyo-Joung KIM, Hyung-Il YU, Young-Jun CHO, Mi-Hyang KWON, Yong Hoon |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: YU, Young-Jun organization: Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University – sequence: 2 fullname: SEOL, Hyo-Joung organization: Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University – sequence: 3 fullname: CHO, Mi-Hyang organization: Department of Dental Lab, Wonkwang Health Science University – sequence: 4 fullname: KIM, Hyung-Il organization: Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University – sequence: 5 fullname: KWON, Yong Hoon organization: Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27041022$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.4012/dmj.1.1 10.1016/1044-5803(90)90008-8 10.1007/s10856-006-0668-7 10.1111/j.1365-2842.1986.tb00667.x 10.1007/BF03215538 10.1016/j.dental.2006.06.048 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.06.035 10.1177/00220345800590110601 10.1016/S0142-9612(02)00564-1 10.4012/dmj.24.268 10.1016/S0109-5641(99)00086-X 10.1007/s10856-010-4116-3 10.1177/00220345670460032101 10.4012/dmj.6.54 10.1007/s13404-014-0149-6 |
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| References | 8) Wang JN, Liu WB. A Pd-free high gold dental alloy for porcelain bonding. Gold Bull 2006; 39: 114-120. 6) Iwashita H, Kuriki H, Hasuo T, Ishikawa K, Hashimoto K.Studies on dimensional accuracy of porcelain fused to precious metal crown. The influence of the porcelain to the metal coping on porcelain fusing procedure. Shigaku 1977; 65: 110-125. 10) Liu WB, Wang JN. Strengthening of a Pd-free high gold dental alloy for porcelain bonding by a pre-firing heat treatment. Dent Mater 2007; 23: 1136-1141. 11) Hisatsune K, Ohta M, Yamane M. Effect of cooling rate on ordering behaviour in a CuPt alloy. Dent Mater J 1982; 1: 1-7. 5) Tuccillo JJ, Nielsen JP. Creep and sag properties of a porcelain-gold alloy. J Dent Res 1967; 46: 579-583. 12) Seol HJ, Kim GC, Son KH, Kwon YH, Kim HI. Hardening mechanism of an Ag-Pd-Cu-Au dental casting alloy. J Alloys Compd 2005; 387: 139-146. 16) Hisatsune K, Udoh K, Nakagawa M, Yasuda K. Three distinguishable phase changes during slow-cooling in commercial dental alloys for porcelain bonding. Dent Mater J 1987; 6: 54-63. 2) Li D, Baba N, Brantley WA, Alapati SB, Heshmati RH, Daehn GS. Study of Pd-Ag dental alloys: examination of effect of casting porosity on fatigue behaviour and microstructural analysis. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2010; 21: 2723-2731. 13) Hisatsune K, Hasaka M, Sosrosoedirdjo BI, Udoh K. Agehardening behaviour in a palladium-base dental porcelain fused alloy. Mater Charact 1990; 25: 177-184. 9) Ito M, Kikuchi M, Okuno O, Kimura K. Ceramic bonding strength of Au-1.6 wt% Ti alloy. Dent Mater J 2005; 24: 268-274. 7) Jeon BW, Kim SM, Kim HI, Kwon YH, Seol HJ. Hardening effect of pre-and post-firing heat treatment for a firing simulated Au-Pd-In metal-ceramic alloy. Gold Bull 2014; 47: 255-261. 4) German RM. Hardening reactions in a high-gold content ceramo-metal alloy. J Dent Res 1980; 59: 1960-1965. 14) Payan J, Moya GE, Meyer JM, Moya F. Changes in physical and chemical properties of a dental palladium-silver alloy during metal-porcelain bonding. J Oral Rehabil 1986; 13: 329-338. 1) Guo WH, Brantley WA, Clark WAT, Monaghan P, Mills MJ. Transmission electron microscopic investigation of a Pd-AgIn-Sn dental alloy. Biomaterials 2003; 24: 1705-1712. 3) Fischer J, Fleetwood PW. Improving the processing of high-gold metal-ceramic frameworks by a pre-firing heat treatment. Dent Mater 2000; 16: 109-113. 15) Guo WH, Brantley WA, Li D, Clark WAT, Monaghan P, Heshmati RH. Annealing study of palladium-silver dental alloys: Vickers hardness measurements and SEM microstructural observations. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2007; 18: 111-118. 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 |
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| SubjectTerms | Alloys Cooling rate Cooling rate control Dental Bonding Dental materials Dental Porcelain Dentistry Firing Furnaces Gold Alloys Hardening Heat treatment Hot Temperature Materials Testing Metal Ceramic Alloys Palladium base alloys Pd-Ag-Sn alloy for bonding porcelain Porcelain Post-firing heat treatment Precipitation hardening Simulated porcelain firing |
| Title | Hardening by cooling rate control and post-firing heat treatment in Pd-Ag-Sn alloy for bonding porcelain |
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