Metabolic effects of bariatric surgery in mouse models of circadian disruption

• Published in: International Journal of Obesity Vol. 39; no. 8; pp. 1310 - 1318
• Main Authors: Arble, D M, Sandoval, D A, Turek, F W, Woods, S C, Seeley, R J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01-08-2015; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 631/378/1385; 631/378/1385/2640; 631/443/319; 692/308/2778; 692/699/2743/393; 692/700/565/545/2098; Activity patterns; Animal models; Animals; Body fat; Body weight; Care and treatment; Circadian Rhythm; Circadian rhythms; Diabetes; Disease Models, Animal; Disruption; Diurnal; Energy Metabolism; Environment models; Epidemiology; Gastrectomy; Gastrointestinal surgery; Glucose; Glucose tolerance; Health aspects; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; Internal Medicine; Lipids; Medical research; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Medicine, Experimental; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic pathways; Metabolism; Mice; Mutants; Obesity; Obesity - metabolism; original-article; Physiological aspects; Public Health; Risk factors; Sleep Deprivation - metabolism; Sleep Deprivation - physiopathology; Surgery; Test procedures; Weight control; Weight Loss; United States; Ann Arbor Michigan; United States > US
• ISSN: 0307-0565; 1476-5497
• DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.54

Background/Objectives:
Mounting evidence supports a link between circadian disruption and metabolic disease. Humans with circadian disruption (for example, night-shift workers) have an increased risk of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases compared with the non-disrupted population. However, it is unclear whether the obesity and obesity-related disorders associated with circadian disruption respond to therapeutic treatments as well as individuals with other types of obesity.
Subjects/Methods:
Here, we test the effectiveness of the commonly used bariatric surgical procedure, Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG), in mouse models of genetic and environmental circadian disruption.
Results:
VSG led to a reduction in body weight and fat mass in both
Clock
Δ19
mutant and constant-light mouse models (
P
<0.05), resulting in an overall metabolic improvement independent of circadian disruption. Interestingly, the decrease in body weight occurred without altering diurnal feeding or activity patterns (
P
>0.05). Within circadian-disrupted models, VSG also led to improved glucose tolerance and lipid handling (
P
<0.05).
Conclusions:
Together these data demonstrate that VSG is an effective treatment for the obesity associated with circadian disruption, and that the potent effects of bariatric surgery are orthogonal to circadian biology. However, as the effects of bariatric surgery are independent of circadian disruption, VSG cannot be considered a cure for circadian disruption. These data have important implications for circadian-disrupted obese patients. Moreover, these results reveal new information about the metabolic pathways governing the effects of bariatric surgery as well as of circadian disruption.