Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome Caused by Carbamazepine Used for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia

• Published in: Case reports in dentistry Vol. 2016; no. 2016; pp. 1 - 4
• Main Authors: Sasaki, Akira, Kishimoto, Koji, Obata, Kyoichi, Masui, Masanori, Hamada, Toshihisa, Shirafuji, Yoshinori, Shimo, Tsuyoshi, Ono, Yuko, Yao, Mayumi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01-01-2016; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Allergic reaction; Allergy; Blood; Carbamazepine; Case Report; Corticosteroids; Cytokines; Cytomegalovirus; Dentistry; Dermatology; Drug therapy; Enzymes; Fever; Health aspects; Herpesviridae; Hospitals; Immunoglobulin G; Laboratories; Lymphocytes; Medical examination; Neuralgia, Trigeminal; Pharmaceutical sciences; Pharmaceuticals; Prednisolone; Skin diseases; Tomography; Viral infections; Viruses
• ISSN: 2090-6447; 2090-6455
• DOI: 10.1155/2016/4605231

An 88-year-old man was diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia, and treatment of carbamazepine 200 mg/day was initiated. About 6 weeks later, the patient developed a skin rash accompanied by fever. He was admitted to hospital and diagnosed with drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) caused by carbamazepine. Oral carbamazepine treatment was stopped, but blood tests showed acute liver and acute renal failure. Drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test (DLST) for carbamazepine, human herpes virus-6 (HHV-6) IgG, and CMV-HRP were negative. Oral prednisolone therapy was begun 18 days later. The titer of HHV-6 IgG antibodies was then detected (640 times). Following treatment, liver and renal function improved and the erythema disappeared.