Magnetic hyperthermia enhance the treatment efficacy of peri-implant osteomyelitis

• Published in: BMC infectious diseases Vol. 17; no. 1; p. 516
• Main Authors: Fang, Chih-Hsiang, Tsai, Pei-I, Huang, Shu-Wei, Sun, Jui-Sheng, Chang, Jenny Zwei-Chieng, Shen, Hsin-Hsin, Chen, San-Yuan, Lin, Feng Huei, Hsu, Lih-Tao, Chen, Yen-Chun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 25-07-2017; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Acids; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Biocompatibility; Biofilm; Biofilms; Bone implants; Bone marrow; Bone resorption; Care and treatment; Chronic illnesses; Colonies; Computed tomography; Development and progression; Drugs; Ethanol; Evaluation; Feasibility studies; Femur; Fever; Fractures; Health aspects; Hyperthermia; Hyperthermia, Induced - instrumentation; Hyperthermia, Induced - methods; Infection; Infections; Infectious diseases; Magnetic fields; Magnetic induction; Magnetic nanoparticle; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Male; Methicillin; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microorganisms; Nanoparticles; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Osteomyelitis; Osteomyelitis - microbiology; Osteomyelitis - therapy; Peri-implant osteomyelitis; Prosthesis-Related Infections - therapy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology; Staphylococcal Infections - therapy; Staphylococcus aureus; Surgical implants; Treatment Outcome; Vancomycin; Vancomycin - pharmacology; Magnetic nanoparticle; Biofilm; Peri-implant osteomyelitis; Hyperthermia
• ISSN: 1471-2334; 1471-2334
• DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2621-4

When bacteria colony persist within a biofilm, suitable drugs are not yet available for the eradication of biofilm-producing bacteria. The aim of this study is to study the effect of magnetic nano-particles-induced hyperthermia on destroying biofilm and promoting bactericidal effects of antibiotics in the treatment of osteomyelitis.
Sixty 12-weeks-old male Wistar rats were used. A metallic 18G needle was implanted into the bone marrow cavity of distal femur after the injection of Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). All animals were divided into 5 different treatment modalities. The microbiological evaluation, scanning electron microscope examination, radiographic examination and then micro-CT evaluation of peri-implant bone resorption were analyzed.
The pathomorphological characteristics of biofilm formation were completed after 40-days induction of osteomyelitis. The inserted implants can be heated upto 75 °C by magnetic heating without any significant thermal damage on the surrounding tissue. We also demonstrated that systemic administration of vancomycin [VC (i.m.)] could not eradicate the bacteria; but, local administration of vancomycin into the femoral canal and the presence of magnetic nanoparticles hyperthermia did enhance the eradication of bacteria in a biofilm-based colony. In these two groups, the percent bone volume (BV/TV: %) was significantly higher than that of the positive control.
For the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis, we developed a new modality to improve antibiotic efficacy; the protection effect of biofilms on bacteria could be destroyed by magnetic nanoparticles-induced hyperthermia and therapeutic effect of systemic antibiotics could be enhanced.