In Vitro and in Vivo Antimalarial Activity, Cytotoxicity and Phytochemical HRMS 2 Profile of Plants from the Western Pará State, Brazilian Amazonia

• Published in: Chemistry & biodiversity Vol. 21; no. 1; p. e202301082
• Main Authors: Viana Dos Santos, Maria Beatriz, Costa Gontijo, Douglas, Alves do Nascimento, Maria Fernanda, de Paula, Renata Cristina, Bezerra Bellei, Jessica Correia, Raimundo, Felipe Oliveira, Gorza Scopel, Kézia Katiani, de Oliveira, Alaíde Braga, Veras Mourão, Rosa Helena
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland 01-01-2024
• Subjects: Animals; Antimalarials - pharmacology; Brazil; Ethanol; Malaria - drug therapy; Malaria - parasitology; Mice; Phytochemicals - pharmacology; Phytochemicals - therapeutic use; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Extracts - therapeutic use; Plants; Plasmodium falciparum; Brazil
• ISSN: 1612-1872; 1612-1880
• DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301082

Ethnopharmacology and botanical taxonomy are valid criteria used to selecting plants for antimalarial bioprospection purposes. Based on these two criteria, ethanol extracts of 11 plants from Santarém City vicinities, Western Pará State, Brazilian Amazonia, had their in vitro antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (W2 clone) assessed by the PfLDH method, whereas their cytotoxicity to HepG2-A16 cells was assessed through MTT assay. Acmella oleracea, Siparuna krukovii and Trema micrantha extracts disclosed the highest rate of parasite growth inhibition (90 %) in screening tests. In vivo antimalarial assays were conducted with these extracts against Plasmodium berghei (NK 65 strain) infected mice. Inhibition rate of parasite multiplication ranged from 41.4 % to 60.9 % at the lowest extract dose (25 mg/kg). HPLC-ESI-HRMS
analyses allowed the putative identification of alkylamides, fatty acids, flavonoid glycosides and alkaloids in ethanol extracts deriving from these three plant species. Results pointed towards A. oleracea flowers ethanol extract as the most promising potential candidate to preclinical studies aiming the development of antimalarial phytomedicine.