Presumptive diagnostic differentiation of hog cholera virus from bovine viral diarrhea and border disease viruses by using a cDNA nested-amplification approach

• Published in: Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 31; no. 3; pp. 565 - 568
• Main Authors: Katz, J.B. (National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA), Ridpath, J.F, Bolin, S.R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Society for Microbiology 01-03-1993
• Subjects: Animals; Base Sequence; Biological and medical sciences; border disease virus; Classical swine fever virus - classification; Classical swine fever virus - genetics; Classical swine fever virus - isolation & purification; Diagnosis, Differential; DIAGNOSTIC; DIAGNOSTICO; Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral - classification; Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral - genetics; Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral - isolation & purification; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; hog cholera virus; Microbiology; Molecular Sequence Data; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; PESTIVIRUS; Pestivirus - classification; Pestivirus - genetics; Pestivirus - isolation & purification; Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Swine - microbiology; Techniques used in virology; Viral Proteins - genetics; Virology; Pestivirus; RNA; Togaviridae; Differential diagnostic; Infection; Virus; Polymerase chain reaction; Mucosal disease virus; Specificity; Conserved sequence; Complementary DNA; Viral disease; Border disease virus; Hog cholera virus
• ISSN: 0095-1137; 1098-660X
• DOI: 10.1128/jcm.31.3.565-568.1993

Hog cholera virus (HCV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and border disease virus (BDV) are closely related pestiviruses. BVDV and BDV are found worldwide but seldom cause disease in swine. In contrast, HCV has been successfully eradicated from swine in several nations but poses a potentially devastating threat to them because of its great virulence. Rapid differential diagnosis of HCV from BVDV and BDV infections in swine is vital for detection of the possible reintroduction of HCV into national herds from which it has been eradicated. Nested polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for each of two pestiviral genomic segments are described. Amplification of the relatively conserved 5' genomic terminus identified 59 of 61 HCV, BVDV, and BDV isolates generically as pestiviruses. Nested amplification of the second region was designed to differentiate HCV from BVDV and BDV by exploiting relatively conserved differences in the nucleotide sequences that encode the major envelope glycoprotein. This second PCR correctly identified 36 of 36 diverse HCV isolates while failing to recognize any of 25 BVDV and BDV isolates. Multiple restriction fragment length analyses confirmed the identities of both external and nested PCR products. The two sets of PCRs may help confirm the generic identity of most pestiviruses and may permit presumptive differential diagnosis of HCV from BVDV and BDV